Current Issue

We aimed to introduce Ernst von Bergman, who contributed greatly to the establishment of modern neurosurgery and introduced antisepsis practices to routine use in surgery, and his important work, which is the first book on neurotrauma. The world's first book dedicated to neurotrauma, Lehre von Kopfv...

AIM: To highlight the contributions of four surgeons who practiced neurosurgery in the late nineteenth century by examining their works and assessing their impact on the field. MATERIAL and METHODS: The study focuses on the works of four pioneering neurosurgeons?Fedor Krause, Victor Horsley, Harv...

AIM: To present the sections allocated to hydrocephalus in the works of Ibn Hubal al-Baghd?d? and Ibn al-Quff, to include them and determine their position in the history of medicine by discussing relevant literature. MATERIAL and METHODS: A printed copy and a manuscript in İstanbul Süleymaniye Ma...

The aim of this article is to introduce the 19th century neurosurgery books to reveal their contributions to modern neurosurgery. Methods In this study, 29 books were accessed, and reviewed, and the resources from the late 18th century and early 20th century were included. However, neurology or ge...

AIM: To evaluate the safety and efficacy of the hybrid operating room (HOR) approach in the management of severe traumatic brain injury (sTBI) using Xper-computed tomography (CT)-guided imaging and neurointerventional techniques. MATERIAL and METHODS: A retrospective analysis was conducted on 154 pa...

AIM: To provide insight into the molecular mechanism of contusional expansion (CE) by creating experimentally induced contusion cerebri (CC) in rats and investigating whether melatonin administration prevents CE or not. MATERIAL and METHODS: Rats were randomized into four groups: Group 1 (control, n...

AIM: To evaluate the role of recent endovascular techniques as less invasive alternatives in the management of multiple intracranial aneurysms, particularly in the context of heterogeneous aneurysm morphology and anatomical complexity. MATERIAL and METHODS: This retrospective analysis included 65 pa...

AIM: To evaluate the diagnostic and prognostic significance of miRNA signatures by identifying differences in miRNA expression between ruptured and unruptured intracranial aneurysm (IA) cases, as well as to pinpoint miRNAs that correlate with clinical severity in patients with aneurysmal subarachnoi...

AIM: To evaluate the potential genetic differences between systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and cerebrovascular disorders (CVDs) patients. MATERIAL and METHODS: This genetic association study conducted Mendelian randomization (MR) analyses on the derived exposures and outcomes from summary stat...

AIM: To evaluate the patients who underwent surgery with a diagnosis of Moyamoya disease (MMD), and to contribute to the literature from a single-center in Türkiye. MATERIAL and METHODS: Patients were evaluated retrospectively based on age, symptoms, history of cerebrovascular events (CVE), genet...

AIM: To compare the efficacy of intra-articular PRF (IA-PRF) and medial branch PRF (MB-PRF) in the treatment of facet joint-related low back pain. MATERIAL and METHODS: In this prospective observational study, 116 patients with ≥50% pain relief after diagnostic intraarticular anesthetic injection we...

AIM: To evaluate the incidence, risk factors, and spinopelvic alignment parameters associated with distal junctional failure (DJF) following posterior thoracolumbar stabilization surgery. MATERIAL and METHODS: This retrospective cohort study included 40 patients who underwent thoracolumbar stabiliza...

AIM: To evaluate the efficacy of diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) and diffusion tensor tractography (DTT) in establishing the relationship between cervical extramedullary tumors and the spinal cord with reference to, especially treatment planning, clinical outcome prediction and diagnostic accuracy. M...

AIM: To evaluate the surgical outcomes, extent of resection, and postoperative clinical improvement in 22 patients with brainstem tumors. MATERIAL and METHODS: We performed surgery on 22 patients with brainstem tumors using various approaches to access the pathology. Our goal was to achieve gross...

AIM: To evaluate the incidence and identify the risk factors of stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS)-induced peritumoral edema (PTE) in the asymptomatic convexity, parasagittal, and parafalcine meningiomas without pre-existing PTE. MATERIAL and METHODS: We retrospectively analyzed 52 patients with asympt...

AIM: To investigate the anatomical characteristics, procedural constraints, and technical details of anterior endoscopic transcervical approach (AETCA) through cadaveric dissection. MATERIAL and METHODS: Nine human cadaver heads, transected at the C6-C7 level and preserved in 10% formalin for no les...

AIM: To evaluate Deepseek-R1, Gemini-2.0 Pro, ChatGPT-o3-mini-high, and GPT-4.5 on a mock neurosurgery board exam to assess their accuracy and educational value. MATERIAL and METHODS: We created a 50-question mock neurosurgery board examination and administered it to three major large language mo...

AIM: To evaluate the impact of generative artificial intelligence and large language models (LLMs) on medical training and neurosurgical education, specifically focusing on their emerging capabilities in image interpretation. MATERIAL and METHODS: This study evaluated the performance of three majo...

AIM: To assess the overall trends in scientific dissemination at neurosurgery meetings organized by the Turkish Neurosurgical Society (TNS) and the Society of Surgery of the Nervous System (SSNS), two major neurosurgical societies in Turkey. MATERIAL and METHODS: We reviewed 2,696 abstracts presen...

AIM: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of topical tranexamic acid (tTXA) in thoracolumbar fusion surgery. MATERIAL and METHODS: A systematic review was conducted per PRISMA guidelines. Studies from January 1970 to August 2024 were retrieved from PubMed, Cochrane, EMBASE, Medline, and Google Scho...

AIM: To compare haemostasis induced with tranexamic acid (TXA) and immunosuppression induced with infliximab (INF) as strategies to reduce epidural fibrosis (EF) in rat laminectomy model. MATERIAL and METHODS: Twenty-one male Sprague?Dawley rats were randomly assigned into control group (no treatm...

AIM: To evaluate the complications associated with Unilateral Biportal Endoscopy (UBE) in spinal surgery, highlighting the risks and outcomes of this minimally invasive approach. MATERIAL and METHODS: A retrospective analysis was conducted on 374 patients who underwent UBE at three centers from 2...

AIM: To compare the biomechanical behavior of titanium and polyetheretherketone (PEEK) rods using finite element analysis (FEA) in a Grade I L5-S1 isthmic spondylolisthesis model. MATERIAL and METHODS: An anatomically accurate 3D finite element model of the L3?S1 spine was created from CT data of ...

AIM: To evaluate the effects of administering pethidine (also known as meperidine), a long-acting narcotic analgesic, via the caudal epidural route at the conclusion of posterior lumbar instrumentation (PLI) surgery on postoperative pain control, and early mobilization of patients. MATERIAL and M...

AIM: To assess the therapeutic effects of methylprednisolone, nimodipine, and amantadine on peripheral nerve injury using a rat sciatic nerve compression model, simulating potential treatments for humans. MATERIAL and METHODS: A total of 36 adult male Wistar albino rats were divided into five groups...

AIM: To conduct a morphometrical analysis of the atlas to facilitate the development of atlas-related treatment methods and demonstrate the variations in atlas anatomy to aid surgical approaches and reduce complications. MATERIAL and METHODS: The present study was conducted on 58 dry human atlas v...

AIM: To present a single-center experience, and to highlight the urgent need for multi-institutional collaboration in Türkiye and surrounding regions lacking access to methylation platforms, with the aim of enhancing diagnostic precision and neuropathological practice. MATERIAL and METHODS: All p...

AIM: To examine the parameters influencing prognosis, and the effectiveness of surgical techniques in patients aged over 65 years with acute subdural hematoma (ASH). MATERIAL and METHODS: From 2017 to 2023, a retrospective evaluation was conducted on 62 individuals admitted to the emergency depar...

AIM: To investigate corpus callosum shape differences in pediatric hydrocephalus patients with and without shunt revisions. MATERIAL and METHODS: Midsagittal magnetic resonance imaging studies from 45 cases (25 with and 20 without shunt revision surgeries) that underwent ventriculoperitoneal shunt...

AIM: To present a national database analysis comparing transnasal transsphenoidal (TNTS) and transcranial (TC) approaches in sellar lesion management. MATERIAL and METHODS: We analyzed the National Surgical Quality Improvement Program (NSQIP) database by TNTS and TC CPT codes from 2014-2018. Outc...

AIM: To investigate the risk factors and optimize the management of entrapped temporal horn (ETH) following lateral ventricular tumor surgery. MATERIAL and METHODS: We reviewed 41 cases of lateral ventricular tumors treated at the department of neurosurgery of our institution between January 2012...

AIM: To evaluate the effects of methylprednisolone and vitamin B12 injection on the regeneration of the nerves after a mental nerve crush injury. MATERIAL and METHODS: A total of 40 albino Wistar rats have been randomly divided into four groups: group 1 (n=10): crushlike nerve damage was created ...

AIM: To evaluate the effects of surgical timing on the prognosis in far lateral disk herniations. MATERIAL and METHODS: We retrospectively evaluated 171 patients diagnosed with far lateral disk herniation who underwent surgery between 2015 and 2021. Patients were divided into three groups: Those o...

AIM: To evaluate the effects of granulocyte colony stimulating factor (G-CSF) on spinal fusion through manual palpation, radiological examinations, and histopathological analyses in a rat model. MATERIAL and METHODS: A total of 21 rats were evaluated in this study. The rats were divided into the f...

AIM: To mathematically present the results of endoscopic assisted surgery in the treatment of metopic synostosis. MATERIAL and METHODS: We present a follow-up of the stages of treatment of 43 patients with metopic synostosis who underwent surgery in a multicenter retrospective study between 2018 a...

AIM: To examine the effects of different retractor techniques for anterior cervical discectomy on cerebral oxygen saturation. MATERIAL and METHODS: In this study, a prospective comparative design was employed to examine the effects of different retractor techniques on a cohort of 48 adult patients...

AIM: To evaluate bilateral double rod contructs in thoracolumbar fractures in a Finite Element model MATERIAL and METHODS: A computed tomography of a 35-year old male have been chosen to create a vertebra model and 1/3 of the T12 was removed to create the burst fracture model. In model A, transped...

AIM: To evaluate survival and prognostic factors associated with survival among patients who underwent reirradiation for recurrent/ progressive primary brain tumors. MATERIAL and METHODS: A multicenter, retrospective study (7 centers, N=236) was conducted by the Neuro-oncology Group of the Turkis...

AIM: To review our experience with patients presenting with recurrent trigeminal neuralgia (TN) and who have undergone repeat microvascular decompression surgery (rMVD). MATERIAL and METHODS: This retrospective observational study was conducted at the Department of Neurosurgery at a university ho...

AIM: To evaluate tenoxicam?s effects on embryonic neural tube formation to identify potential teratogenicity and determine the underlying mechanisms leading to neural tube defects (NTDs). MATERIAL and METHODS: This study was conducted at our University?s Neuro-embryology Laboratory. A total of 100...

AIM: To observe changes in the serum levels of visinin-like protein-1 (VILIP-1), caveolin-1 (Cav-1) and neuron-specific enolase (NSE) after glioma resection. MATERIAL and METHODS: Consecutive 14 glioma patients with different histologic grade and 14 age and gender-matched healthy subjects were in...

AIM: To present symptoms and surgical results of patients operated on with the diagnosis of tethered cord syndrome (TCS) in adulthood. MATERIAL and METHODS: In this retrospective study, 20 patients older than 18 years were evaluated. There were 17 female and 3 male patients. Patient demographics,...

AIM: To compare the preoperative and postoperative increased signal intensity (ISI) outcomes of cervical spondylotic myelopathy (CSM) patients who underwent posterior decompression and fusion, and to assess the correlation between ISI changes and postsurgical clinical prognosis. MATERIAL and METH...

AIM: To evaluate the effects of tramadol on inflammation by measuring NLRP1 and IL-1 beta (IL-1β) levels in an experimental neuropathic pain model. MATERIAL and METHODS: Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into three groups: control, chronic constriction injury (CCI), and CCI + tramadol. Neurop...

AIM: To compare T1-weighted contrast-enhanced (T1+C) with fast imaging employing steady-state acquisition (FIESTA) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) sequences to protect healthy brain tissue during meningioma treatment with Gamma-Knife radiosurgery (GKRS). MATERIAL and METHODS: After reviewing the...

AIM: To report our institutional experience of the one-stop treatment of Spetzler?Martin grade (SMG) III?V brain arteriovenous malformations (BAVMs) in a hybrid operating room. MATERIAL and METHODS: Clinical data obtained from all the patients with SMG III?V BAVMs who underwent one-stop treatment ...

AIM: To examine the clinical characteristics and early rehabilitation results and to investigate the relationship between rehabilitation initiation time and rehabilitation-related outcome measurements in traumatic brain injury (TBI) patients who have early rehabilitation. MATERIAL and METHODS: For...

AIM: To assess the effect of intravenously injected superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticle (SPION)-labeled adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) under an external magnetic field on the efficacy of ADSC transplantation in rats with spinal cord injury (SCI). MATERIAL and METHODS: ADSCs were isolated...

AIM: To establish the diagnosis of basilar invagination (BI) on the basis of specific bony landmarks Klaus? index (KI), perpendicular distance between the tip of the odontoid process and palato internal occipital protuberance (PI) line. MATERIAL and METHODS: Forty-nine patients were analysed, who ...

AIM: To evaluate the cytotoxic and proapoptotic effects of C6 ceramide on the C6 rat glioma cell line. MATERIAL and METHODS: The C6 rat glioma cell line was evaluated. Using a confocal microscope and the appropriate software, the cytotoxic effects of C6 ceramide were identified using 3-(4,5-dimeth...

AIM: To highlight the critical role of molecular profiling of choroid plexus epithelium tumors (CPTs) in guiding individualized treatment strategies. MATERIAL and METHODS: Histopathological diagnoses were obtained from surgically resected tumors at Centro Medico Nacional 20 de Noviembre, Mexico C...

AIM: To assess the effectiveness and safety of Virtual Reality (VR) simulations for education of posterior spinal instrumentation. MATERIAL and METHODS: Participants were instructed to apply Cervical-Thoracic-Lumbar and Sacral posterior instrumentation techniques using the VR. Each participant und...

AIM: To examine the fiber-based anatomy of the medial pontine area (MPA), one of the most commonly used brainstem (BS) safe entry zones in neurosurgery. MATERIAL and METHODS: According to the protocol of Klingler and Ludwig, six BSs were kept in 10% formalin solution for at least 2 months. After ...

AIM: To examine the anatomy of the petrosphenoidal ligament (PSL), and its relationship with the abducens nerve (AN) in newborn cadavers. MATERIAL and METHODS: Using 10 formalin-fixed newborn cadavers, 20 PSLs and ANs on both sides were examined. The structure of each PSL, its morphometric featur...

AIM: To investigate the morphometric and morphological development of the medial surface of the cerebrum in 40 fetal cadavers without external anomalies and pathologies between the gestational ages of 22 and 40 weeks. MATERIAL and METHODS: In this study, we measured the height and width of the cer...

AIM: To investigate the surgical outcomes in patients with nonfunctional pituitary adenomas (NFPAs) exhibiting visual field defects (VFDs) in order to ascertain the impact of the volume of adenoma excised during surgery on recurrence rates and improvements in VFDs. MATERIAL and METHODS: From a co...

AIM: To investigate the efficacy of immunohistochemical methods to determine molecular subgroups and prognostic predictions of medulloblastomas (MBs). MATERIAL and METHODS: ?-catenin, GAB1, YAP1, filamin A and p53 were immunohistochemically stained, and MYC and MYCN fluorescent in situ hybridizat...

AIM: To investigate the correlation between specific glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) molecular markers and their proximity to the subventricular zone (SVZ) to uncover potential prognostic indicators and therapeutic strategies. MATERIAL and METHODS: The study retrospectively analyzed 171 patients who...

AIM: To investigate the relationship between tumor volume and serum microsomal prostaglandin E2 (mPGE2) levels in patients with astrocytic tumors. MATERIAL and METHODS: The study included patients with astrocytic tumors who were treated at our clinic between August 2015 and December 2016. Preoper...

AIM: To compare the treatment outcomes of surgical and endovascular methods in patients with intracranial aneurysms. MATERIAL and METHODS: A total of 1183 patients [722 (61%)] female and 461 [(39%) male] with intracranial aneurysms, including 615 with subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) and 568 without ...

AIM: To explore the pathophysiological mechanism of subarachnoid haemorrhage (SAH) using cellular oxidative stress mechanisms and inflammation. MATERIAL and METHODS: A total of 20 Wistar Albino rats were divided into two groups, namely sham and SAH. On day 0, 0.3 mL of saline in the sham group an...

AIM: To investigate changes in nitric oxide (NO) levels, oxidative stress, and dynamic thiol/disulphide homeostasis in the serum and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of patients with aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhages (aSAH). MATERIAL and METHODS: This prospective study included a total of 40 consecutiv...

AIM: To compare lumbar X-ray and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings, and to identify the factors associated with joint instability in cases with lumbar spondylolisthesis. MATERIAL and METHODS: We performed a retrospective and observational study of patients with a confirmed diagnosis of lu...

AIM: To assess the performance metrics of perfusion and permeability magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) parameters with optimal cut-offs in differentiating isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) genotype and tumor grade in patients with grade 2-4 gliomas. MATERIAL and METHODS: This retrospective study inclu...

AIM: To investigate cervical spinal tractography (CST) and diffusion tensor imaging findings in patients with intramedullary cervical spinal cord (CSC) tumors and to evaluate the association between qualitative diffusion tensor tractography (DTT) findings and neurological examination findings (NEF...

AIM: To retrospectively evaluate the cranial magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) features and determine the incidence of intracranial arachnoid cysts (ACs) based on sex, age, location, size, affected side, Galassi type, and their association with hydrocephalus, mega cisterna magna (MCM), bone erosion...

AIM: To examine the morphological properties of the cranial aperture of the optic canal (CAOC) in patients with a Chiari type-I malformation (CIM). MATERIAL and METHODS: Radiological images of 40 patients with CIM (24 females/16 males, mean age: 20.75 ± 14.98 years) and 40 normal individuals (24 ...

AIM: To investigate the treatment approaches and follow-up data of patients with pineal region tumours at our institution. MATERIAL and METHODS: A retrospective study was planned to evaluate patients who diagnosed with a pineal mass between 2019 and 2022 whether incidentally or symptomatically. Al...

AIM: To determine the clinical relevance of a rigid endoscopy surgical method for subdural hematomas, as previously described in a cadaver study. MATERIAL and METHODS: Between May 2021 and September 2023, 21 patients underwent subdural hematoma drainage using a 0-degree rigid endoscope. Traumatic...

AIM: To investigate the feasibility of transfecting the TNF-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) gene into neural stem cells (NSCs) in vitro, and explore whether NSCs retain their proliferative and differentiated activities after transfection. MATERIAL and METHODS: NSCs were obtained from fet...

AIM: To determine the effects of different concentrations of Trolox on the cytotoxic, oxidant, antioxidant, and cytokine levels in the SH-SY5Y cell line. MATERIAL and METHODS: SH-SY5Y cells were grown in an appropriate medium and under appropriate conditions. Trolox was added to the cell line at ...

AIM: To investigate the possible mediation of epigenetic mechanisms underlying the regenerative effect of uridine in a sciatic nerve transection rat model. MATERIAL and METHODS: Fifty adult male rats were randomized to sham, control, and uridine groups. After unilateral transection and primary an...

AIM: To examine the effects of amantadine, a drug with neuroprotective and anti-inflammatory activities on oxidative stress, tissue necrosis, apoptosis, and neurological recovery in an experimental rabbit spinal cord ischemia-reperfusion injury (SCIRI) model. MATERIAL and METHODS: A total of 32 ra...

AIM: To investigate the effects of vitamin D and memantine on the healing process in juvenile rats with repetitive brain injury (rTBI) and to elucidate the mechanisms underlying these potential therapeutic effects. MATERIAL and METHODS: Juvenile rats were randomly allocated into seven groups, with...

AIM: To determine if low-cost magnification devices (USB computer microscope, smartphone) enable the acquisition and maintenance of basic microsurgical skills by comparing skills learned using these devices against those learned using a surgical microscope. Determining whether skills acquired usin...

AIM: To assess the clinicopathological and prognostic significance of Tim-3, an immune checkpoint molecule, and Rel-B, an NF-?B subunit, in grade 4 diffuse glioma samples and their relationship with each other. MATERIAL and METHODS: The demographic, radiologic, treatment, and prognostic data of pa...

AIM: To assess the prognostic utility of the albumin-to-gamma-glutamyltransferase ratio (AGR) in patients with high-grade glioma [World Health Organization (WHO) grade III and IV] and to develop a predictive nomogram. MATERIAL and METHODS: Data from 185 patients diagnosed with high-grade gliomas, ...

AIM: To identify the autophagy mechanism T98 glioma cells. MATERIAL and METHODS: Three groups were created with T98 human glioblastoma cells; Group 1: T98 glioma cells without treatment (Control group). Group 2: T98 glioma cells treated with 3 µl/ml JWO. Group 3: T98 glioma cells treated with 6 µl...

AIM: To evaluate the radiological characteristics, clinical features,and surgical outcomes of bicoronal incision and bifrontal craniotomy for olfactory groove meningiomas (OGMs). MATERIAL and METHODS: This was a retrospective review of 16 patients (nine male and seven female) with large and giant ...

AIM: To determine the prognostic value of routine hematological indices in patients undergoing carotid endarterectomy (CEA). MATERIAL and METHODS: As a retrospective single center study, we measured the systemic immune inflammation index (SII) and other systemic inflammatory parameters to estimate...

AIM: To investigate the effect of obesity on the severity of cerebral vasospasm after subarachnoid hemorrhage. MATERIAL and METHODS: In this study, six experimental groups, each consisting of 10 rats, were defined (60 rats in total). Groups 1 and 2 comprised rats with normal body weight, Groups 3 ...

AIM: To investigate latissimus dorsi morphometry, innervation, vascularization, and variational situations in fetuses. MATERIAL and METHODS: Forty-nine fetuses, aged between 15 and 40 weeks of gestation, were examined for the morphological development of the latissimus dorsi. The horizontal length...

AIM: To determine sac volume based on radiological examinations in patients undergoing surgery for myelomeningocele (MMC) and to investigate the relationship of sac volume with hydrocephalus and Chiari malformation type 2 (CM) with a view to determining the optimum length of follow-up and recommen...

AIM: To assess associated cerebral supratentorial anomalies in patients who underwent myelomeningocele repair in hopes of developing a better morphological apprehension of the forebrain?s anomalies in this category of patients. MATERIAL and METHODS: This retrospective observational study assessed ...

AIM: To evaluate the postoperative magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings and clinical outcomes of patients who underwent monoportal endoscopic lumbar discectomy. MATERIAL and METHODS: Preoperative and postoperative 3rd and 6th month MRI features, visual analog scale (VAS), and Oswestry Disabi...

AIM: To investigate the short- term results of dynamic/semi-rigid stabilization in patients with cervical spinal stenosis and compare them with patients for which decompression and pos-terior cervical fusion was performed. MATERIAL and METHODS: 28 patients were included in this study. Group 1 was ...

AIM: To investigate the effects of obesity on the treatment outcomes of lumbar transforaminal epidural steroid injections (TFESIs). MATERIAL and METHODS: This retrospective study included patients who underwent single-level TFESI in a pain management center between January 2021 and April 2023. Bod...

AIM: To evaluate the in vitro effects of hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) on histone deacetylase (HDAC) enzyme activity and interleukin (IL)-6, IL-10, and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) expressions. MATERIAL and METHODS: Primary cell cultures were prepared. Samples that did not receive any medic...

AIM: To evaluate the supraorbital and transorbital approaches as alternative entry sites and trajectories targeting the nucleus accumbens (NAc), subcallosal cingulate gyrus (SCG), and lateral hypothalamic area (LHA), in cadavers and surgical planning station. MATERIAL and METHODS: The three-dimens...

AIM: To assess the changes of intracranial pressure waveforms (ICPW) acquired noninvasively in a set of acute hydrocephalus patients prior to and posterior to interventions. MATERIAL and METHODS: Patients with clinical and radiological diagnosis of hydrocephalus were evaluated for alterations in ...

AIM: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of the guideless catheter placement technique in revision surgeries for external ventricular drainage (EVD) and ventricular shunt systems to improve treatment outcomes for hydrocephalus. MATERIAL and METHODS: We retrospectively analyzed 111 patients who und...

AIM: To investigate the morphology of sella turcica (ST) in Chiari malformation type I (CM-I) using computed tomography. MATERIAL and METHODS: The size and shape of ST were examined using the radiological images of 32 CM-I patients (21 female/11 male, mean age: 26.09 ± 15.39 years), and 32 normal ...

AIM: To present information regarding macrocephaly and microcephaly provided in D?w?d al-An??k??s Arabic book, al-Nuzhat al- Mubhija, which was translated into English and discussed in the context of the period?s literature. MATERIAL and METHODS: The copy of al-Nuzhat al-Mubhija, which was publish...

AIM: To examine the risk factors for postoperative C5 palsy, particularly an association between the laminectomy width and C5 palsy after open-door cervical laminoplasty (CLP). MATERIAL and METHODS: This single-center study analyzed data from 132 adult patients who underwent open-door CLP for deg...

AIM: To evaluate the impact of the volume of cement injected during unilateral percutaneous vertebroplasty (PVP) on the occurrence of new fractures, as well as its effect on coronal balance and pain management in patients with osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures (OVCFs). MATERIAL and MET...

AIM: To investigate the incidence of distal junctional failure (DJF) in patients undergoing posterior lumbar fusion with either semirigid polyether ether ketone (PEEK) or rigid titanium alloy rods, focusing on the impact of preoperative and postoperative spinopelvic parameters on DJF development. ...

AIM: To investigate the incidence of transverse carpal muscle (TCM) occurrence around carpal tunnel which may lead to carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS), and cause disorientation of surgeons during the surgery. MATERIAL and METHODS: We reviewed patients in our department between January 2007 and March 2...

AIM: To evaluate the adherence to and awareness of current concussion/mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) guidelines among Turkish neurosurgeons. MATERIAL and METHODS: A cross-sectional electronic survey was administered to all members of the Turkish Neurosurgical Society (n=1875 neurosurgeons) be...

AIM: To develop a nomogram model that provides a clinical prediction method for preventing septated chronic subdural hematoma (sCSDH) recurrence after surgery and serves as a reference for selecting surgical approaches. MATERIAL and METHODS: This study involved 237 patients diagnosed with sCSDH. B...

AIM: To examine the effects of phenolic compound-rich ginger extract on motor and cognitive functions as well as cytokine levels in the mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) model. MATERIAL and METHODS: The mTBI model was modeled employing the Marmarou method. The Ginger group rats were i.p. adminis...

AIM: To evaluate clinical and radiological outcome in surgically treated Koos 4 vestibular schwannomas. MATERIAL and METHODS: Volumetric analysis of the tumour volumes before surgery, after surgery (before radiation), and at follow-up time-points after radiation was performed. Clinical data on fac...

AIM: To present a series of four cases of solitary fibrous tumor/hemangiopericytoma (SFT/HPC) of the brain, which mimicked other central nervous system (CNS) tumors both clinically and radiologically. MATERIAL and METHODS: This is a retrospective study over a period of two and a half years. Out of...

AIM: To evaluate the oncological outcomes and the prognostic factors for children with ependymoma who receive radiotherapy (RT) ± chemotherapy after surgery. MATERIAL and METHODS: The medical records of 71 children with ependymoma who received RT between 2001 and 2022 were retrospectively evaluat...

AIM: To investigate the effect of 48-hour (h) administration of Tarantula Logoplex® (TL), a homeopathic medical product containing Tarantula cubensis venom, alone and in combination with temozolomide (TMZ) on T98G glioblastoma cell line with regard to cytotoxicity, cell migration, nitric oxide syn...

AIM: To examine the genetic results of patients diagnosed with pituitary neuroendocrine tumors (PitNETs) with respect to clinical, radiological, and pathological findings. MATERIAL and METHODS: A total of 53 patients (30 men and 23 women) diagnosed with PitNETs were included in the study. The cli...

AIM: To analyze the epidemiologic, clinical, neuroradiological, and histopathological data of patients who have undergone anterior temporal lobectomy (ATL) for drug-resistant mesial temporal lobe epilepsy (MTLE). MATERIAL and METHODS: The study included patients who were diagnosed with MTLE refrac...

AIM: To examine intraoperative cone-beam computed tomography (iCBCT) accuracy, and the need for postoperative imaging to confirm electrode position, and to assess the complications of deep brain stimulation (DBS) surgery. MATERIAL and METHODS: Thirty-two movement disorder patients and 69 targets w...

AIM: To compare the outcomes and complications of stent-assisted coil (SAC) embolization for the treatment of cerebral aneurysms according to stent type. MATERIAL and METHODS: Since January 2006, a total of 1293 patients have been added to our institutional aneurysm database. We excluded cases wi...

AIM: To assess the number of independent surgical procedures performed, working hours, and satisfaction with training among residents in Turkey. MATERIAL and METHODS: An electronic survey was sent to all neurosurgery residency in Turkey through e-mail and social media group. The survey, which inc...

AIM: To illustrate the middle cranial fossa (MCF) approach to the pterygopalatine fossa (PPF), infratemporal fossa (ITF), and parapharyngeal space (PPS) with temporomandibular joint (TMJ) preservation through step-by-step cadaver dissection and discuss certain critical considerations that are inad...

AIM: To investigate whether atlantoaxial intra-articular fusion (AIF) can maintain sagittal balance stability in the cervical spine during follow-up. MATERIAL and METHODS: The data of 39 patients with anterior atlantoaxial dislocation who underwent AIF and 21 patients who underwent structural bon...

AIM: To evaluate the effect of single and double anterior odontoid screw fixation on the ROM of the craniocervical area and the stress distribution on the implants in a Finite Element Analysis which may give us ideas about the possible results for IF and malunion. MATERIAL and METHODS: A FE model ...

AIM: To describe a series of 31 surgically managed cases in a single center. MATERIAL and METHODS: We retrospectively collected data from 31 surgically managed cases that occurred between October 2014 and July 2019. We used the PubMed database to conduct a systematic literature search. RESULTS: O...

AIM: To streamline the transforaminal endoscopic lumbar discectomy (TELD) technique to facilitate a shorter learning curve for novice surgeons by providing a comprehensive guide featuring ten crucial landmarks. MATERIAL and METHODS: In this retrospective study, we reviewed patients diagnosed with ...

AIM: To establish the presence and amount of fluid accumulation in UBE procedure, and the relationship of fluid management with other variables. MATERIAL and METHODS: All patients underwent UBE spinal surgery with one level between September 2019 and February 2022. The exclusion criteria were det...

AIM: To report a series of pediatric intracranial meningiomas operated in a single institution, and to compare their features with the literature. MATERIAL and METHODS: Using our hospital?s automation system, patients under the age of 18 who had been operated in the last 11 years were identified....

AIM: To identify novel therapeutic strategies to improve the outcomes of neonatal hydrocephalus. MATERIAL and METHODS: The treatment strategies for cases of neonatal hydrocephalus in our hospital between February 1, 2015, and February 1, 2024 reviewed and analyzed, with the aim of identifying valu...

AIM: To evaluate the cosmetic and visual aspects of trigonocephaly patients who have not received surgical intervention throughout a long-term follow up. MATERIAL and METHODS: Patients with trigonocephaly who did not undergo surgery were evaluated. Using 3D computed tomography images, the frontal...

AIM: To investigate the effects of dexpanthenol (Dex) on subarachnoid haemorrhage (SAH) induced brain injury via sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) signaling in a rat experimental model. MATERIAL and METHODS: A total of 46 Wistar Albino rats were divided into 5 groups as control, sham, SAH, SAH+Dex, and Dex. Firs...

AIM: To compare central nervous system (CNS) tumors, such as paraganglioma, low-grade glioma (LGG), and glioblastoma (GBM), in terms of driver genes and gene expression, and to investigate the roles of common driver genes and genes with altered expression in cellular proliferation mechanisms and t...

AIM: To report a single center experience in preoperative stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) in patients with metastatic brain tumors. MATERIAL and METHODS: We identified 18 patients who underwent preoperative stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) in our clinic between 2015 and 2021. Two patients were lost...

AIM: To assess the safety and efficacy of using Two isocenter targets in Gamma Knife Radiosurgery (GKRS) for treating trigeminal neuralgia (TN) versus a single isocenter target solely at the root entry zone (REZ). MATERIAL and METHODS: A retrospective study was conducted.The study involved 171 pat...

AIM: To explore interrelationships between serum lactate (Lac) levels and other hemodynamic parameters, including diastolic blood pressure (DBP) and mean arterial pressure (MAP) and acute-phase mortality in severe traumatic brain injury (sTBI). MATERIAL and METHODS: Clinical data for sTBI patients...

AIM: To validate the Chicago Chiari Outcome Scale (CCOS) as a patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) tool and identify the cutoffs of CCOS-PROM and EuroQoL-5D-3L score index (EQ-SI) against Gestalt in adults who underwent chiari malformation type 1 (CM1) treatment. MATERIAL and METHODS: This c...

AIM: To evaluate the clinical and radiological outcomes of newly established Turkish neurosurgical stroke centers , and to assess their competency in managing acute ischemic stroke from June 2023 to June 2024. MATERIAL and METHODS: We retrospectively analyzed data from 69 patients (mean age = 69.0...

AIM: To perform comparison of preoperative and postoperative mean transit time (MTT) delay in ipsilateral, and contralateral hemispheres in Moyamoya disease using dynamic susceptibility contrast (DSC) perfusion. MATERIAL and METHODS: Preoperative images were obtained within 1 week before surgery a...

AIM: To investigate the clinical effect of neuroendoscopic surgery on 15 patients with hypertensive brainstem hemorrhage (HBSH). MATERIAL and METHODS: A retrospective analysis was conducted on the clinical data collected from 15 patients with HBSH and treated with neuroendoscopy between January 20...

AIM: To evaluate pial arteriovenous fistulas (AVFs), focusing on the radio-anatomic architecture and contemporary endovascular devices and techniques. MATERIAL and METHODS: Sixteen patients with congenital pial AVFs who underwent endovascular treatment between 2002 and 2023 at a single institutio...

AIM: To investigate the neuroprotective effects of various amounts of syringic acid (SA) on cerebral damage resulting from experimentally induced subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) in rats, utilizing both histological and biochemical analyses. MATERIAL and METHODS: In total, 40 male Wistar albino rats ...

AIM: To measure the deviation rate of a custom 3D-printed Deep Brain Stimulation (DBS) lead holder assisted electrode placements from their intended targets, providing a benchmark for the system?s accuracy and paving the way for its use in standard DBS workflows. MATERIAL and METHODS: The study w...

AIM: To summarise atypical cases of hemifacial spasm (HFS) found during microvascular decompression (MVD), and to investigate its pathogenesis and range of exploration. MATERIAL and METHODS: We retrospectively analysed cases of HFS performed in our department in recent years and summarised the in...

AIM: To evaluate the causes and risk factors of seizure recurrence, as well as the outcomes of reoperation in patients who did not achieve sufficient seizure control following surgery for mesial temporal lobe epilepsy (MTLE). MATERIAL and METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed the hospital charts of...

AIM: To examine the prevalence of epilepsy and other associated cortical abnormalities in patients with Myelomeningocele (MMC), and to present our findings along with a review of the literature. MATERIAL and METHODS: A retrospective chart review was conducted with MMC patients followed in our pedi...

AIM: To evaluate the efficacy of surgical interventions for pediatric lumbosacral lipomas (LSL) by focusing on preoperative symptoms, postoperative outcomes, and long-term prognosis. MATERIAL and METHODS: The medical records and magnetic resonance images (MRI) of 28 pediatric patients (15 boys and...

AIM: To determine if the concurrent use of external lumbar drainage (ELD) and oral medication will hasten the decrease in intracranial pressure (ICP) and resolution of papilledema in pediatric idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH). MATERIAL and METHODS: In this retrospective study, we evaluat...

AIM: To propose a weighted vote-based ensemble classification method to classify paraganglioma/pheochromocytoma, low-grade glioma, and glioblastoma tumors-conditions that present with similar symptoms-against other central nervous system tumors using clinical and molecular data. MATERIAL and METH...

AIM: To explore the risk factors associated with the occurrence of lower extremity deep vein thrombosis (DVT) after craniotomy in patients with primary brain tumors, and to develop a predictive model using machine learning. MATERIAL and METHODS: A prospective cohort study was conducted on 140 pati...

AIM: To evaluate association between chronic subdural hematoma (CSDH) and thromboelastography (TEG). MATERIAL and METHODS: A prospective pilot study was conducted on 52 patients with CSDH. The primary outcomes were CSDH severity, recurrence rate, and outcome. The secondary outcome was the associat...

AIM: To provide a detailed anatomical segmentation of the uncinate fasciculus (UF) and to identify its cortical and subcortical connections using complementary white matter dissection and diffusion-weighted imaging tractography techniques. MATERIAL and METHODS: Human cadaveric cerebral hemsipheres...

AIM: To compare the sphenoid ridge (SR) morphology in patients with Chiari type I malformation (CIM) with healthy subjects. MATERIAL and METHODS: Three dimensional (3D) computed tomography scans of 49 (25 men / 24 women) CIM patients aged 45.84±18.04 years, and 52 (26 men / 26 women) healthy subje...

AIM: To assess the contributions of Turkish female authors to the field of neurosurgery through ?Turkish Neurosurgery?, the only neurosurgery journal in Türkiye indexed by The Science Citation Index Expanded (SCIE). MATERIAL and METHODS: A bibliometric analysis was conducted on articles published ...

AIM: To identify the factors that could prevent the formation of spina bifida, and to determine the causes of hydrocephalus. MATERIAL and METHODS: We retrospectively evaluated the data of 51 patients with neural tube defects (NTDs) who were surgically treated at Sanliurfa Training and Research Hos...

AIM: To evaluate whether transfontanel ultrasonography could serve as a practical and less complex alternative to brain magnetic resonance imaging in infants with hydrocephalus. MATERIAL and METHODS: In this prospective study, 54 infants diagnosed with hydrocephalus underwent both transfontanel u...

AIM: To investigate the embryotoxic effects of Sunset Yellow (SY) exposure on neural tube development in an experimental model of chicken embryos. MATERIAL and METHODS: Sixty fertilized special pathogen-free (SPF) Leghorn genus chick embryos were used. Three experimental groups were determined, c...

AIM: To assess the incidence of retethering in patients who underwent surgery for tethered cord in our clinic. MATERIAL and METHODS: We included patients who underwent surgical intervention for tethered cord in our clinic between 2010 and 2020, and were subsequently diagnosed with retethering duri...

AIM: To determine the frequency of spondylolysis (SLi) in children examined due to trauma, which has not been reported before in Turkey, and to discuss the demographic features of these cases together with accompanying secondary pathologies. MATERIAL and METHODS: Between January 2013 and June 2023...

AIM: To examine the factors influencing neurosurgeons? preferences between microscopic discectomy (MD) and endoscopic discectomy (ED) for the treatment of lumbar disc herniation (LDH) in Türkiye. MATERIAL and METHODS: A cross-sectional survey was administered to 229 active neurosurgeons in Türkiye...

AIM: To compare the effect of fusion with anterior plating and cage (PLATE) versus cage-only (CAGE-O) technique on postoperative cervical sagittal alignment parameters, clinical outcome, and complication profiles after two-level anterior cervical discectomy and fusion (ACDF). MATERIAL and METHODS...

AIM: To examine the correlation between clinical outcomes and electrophysiological findings following open carpal tunnel release (CTR) surgery in patients with a positive scratch collapse (SC) test, and to the postoperative course of the SC test. MATERIAL and METHODS: The study included 29 patient...

AIM: To evaluate the prognostic value of serum endothelin-1 (ET-1), monocyte chemotactic protein-1 (MCP-1), and lactic acid (LA) levels in patients with ruptured intracranial aneurysm (IA) after interventional embolization. MATERIAL and METHODS: Patients with ruptured IA were divided into mild, mo...

AIM: To investigate the therapeutic effects of transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) on calcium and glutamate excitotoxicity caused by ischemia?reperfusion (IR). MATERIAL and METHODS: The IR model was generated by transient middle cerebral artery occlusion. tDCS treatment was applied at ...

AIM: To investigate the protective and therapeutic effects of dexpanthenol in experimental global cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury. MATERIAL and METHODS: Thirty-two female Wistar-Albino rats were used, and the rats were divided into four groups (sham, sschaemia reperfusion [IR], IR+dexpantol ...

AIM: To elucidate the effects of nasal and intraperitoneal dexmedetomidine (DexN and DexP, respectively) administration in an animal model, and to explore the underlying action mechanisms on the treatment of traumatic brain injury (TBI). MATERIAL and METHODS: A total of 31 Wistar albino rats serve...

AIM: To investigate the difference in the length of C1 laminectomy between the right and left sides and to determine the importance of considering the dominant vertebral artery in reducing complication risks. MATERIAL and METHODS: Five caucasian male cadavers were studied. The distance of the C1 p...

AIM: To evaluate the diagnostic potential of c-MYC, FABP7, GATA4, and MAOB in meningioma patients by analyzing their expression in serum samples. MATERIAL and METHODS: The study included 20 patients who underwent surgical resection for intracranial meningiomas. Tumor and serum samples were collec...

AIM: To provide an in-depth anatomical description of the bed nucleus of the stria terminalis (BST) and its structural affiliations, with an emphasis on its surgical and neuromodulatory relevance. MATERIAL and METHODS: We conducted stepwise fiber dissections on 14 formalin-fixed human brains prepa...

AIM: To evaluate the outcomes in low-pressure hydrocephalus (LPH) following an endoscopic third ventriculostomy, and placement of a valveless ventriculoperitoneal or ventriculoatrial shunt catheter. MATERIAL and METHODS: This novel surgical technique was assessed in a prospective case series at a ...

AIM: To investigate the effects of 25% dextrose in a rat model of cerebrospinal fluid leakage. MATERIAL and METHODS: Forty Wistar rats were included in the study. The dura mater of the rats was opened, and 25% dextrose was applied topically at a dose of 0.1 ml. Rats were sacrificed at the end of t...

AIM: To discuss the diagnostic tests and management options of retroclival Ecchordosis physaliphora (EP). MATERIAL and METHODS: Four patients with a retroclival EP were assessed. Computerized tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings were examined thoroughly. Diffusion MRI char...

AIM: To evaluate the five-year outcomes of zero-profile spacers and plate-cage constructs in cervical spinal cord injury without fracture or dislocation (CSCIWFD). MATERIAL and METHODS: A retrospective review was conducted on patients undergoing anterior cervical discectomy and fusion (ACDF) for ...

AIM: To compare the clinical outcomes of microsurgery and biportal endoscopic spinal surgery (BESS) in lateral recess stenosis. MATERIAL and METHODS: This study evaluated the outcomes of patients with lumbar lateral recess stenosis who underwent microsurgery or BESS between March 2021 and October ...

AIM: To observe the impact of the bilateral decompression with a unilateral approach technique, which is an effective and safe method in the surgical treatment of lumbar spinal stenosis (LSS) on the biomechanics of the spine in the early postoperative period and observe changes in sagittal balance...

AIM: To compare the effects of pregabalin and gabapentin on the regeneration of rat nerves exposed to experimental axonotmesis by means of histomorphological, immunohistochemical, biochemical, electrophysiological, and clinical evaluations. MATERIAL and METHODS: Thirty-two female Sprague-Dawley ra...

AIM: To investigate the therapeutic efficacy of quercetin in early brain injury (EBI) and vasospasm resulting from experimental subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). MATERIAL and METHODS: The rats were assigned into five groups, as follows; Group A: rats did not undergo SAH induction, Group B: rats unde...

AIM: To explore the interplay between different geometric features of various types of aneurysms related to aneurysm rupture angiographically. MATERIAL and METHODS: Three dimensional (3D) digital subtraction angiography (DSA) studies from 180 patients with ruptured sidewall (SW) and sidewall with...

AIM: To evaluate the outcomes of decompression surgery in patients who developed malignant cerebral infarction after pharmacologic and endovascular thromboembolectomy treatment. MATERIAL and METHODS: The study included 57 patients who underwent decompressive surgery for acute ischemic stroke betw...

AIM: To investigate the patients diagnosed with calcified cephalic hematoma who underwent surgery at our clinic, and to review the critical aspects of surgical management. MATERIAL and METHODS: This study retrospectively reviewed calcified cephalic hematoma patients who underwent surgery between ...

AIM: To evaluate the long-term outcomes of nine patients who underwent myelomeningocele repair via fetoscopic surgery, open fetal surgery, and postnatal surgery. MATERIAL and METHODS: The presence of inclusion cysts and the thickness of granulation tissues at the surgical site were analyzed using...

AIM: To identify morphological differences in the cranial aperture (CA) of the optic canal (OC) in patients with Chiari malformation type 2 (CMT2) by comparing them with healthy individuals. MATERIAL and METHODS: Computed tomography images were analyzed for 40 patients with CMT2 (16 females, 24 ma...

AIM: To evaluate the relationship between the most commonly used scoring systems, some disease parameters and prognosis in a patient group diagnosed with primary Central Nervous System Lymphoma (PCNSL). MATERIAL and METHODS: Clinical information was collected from patients diagnosed with PCNSL bet...

AIM: To present a systematic review and to report a case of xanthomatous meningioma, aiming to contribute valuable insights into this uncommon neoplasm. MATERIAL and METHODS: The guiding question focused on the epidemiological characteristics of xanthomatous meningiomas. Inclusion criteria encomp...

AIM: To evaluate the frequency and prognostic significance of microsatellite instability (MSI) in patients with glioblastoma (GBM), an immunohistochemical analysis of mismatch repair (MMR) proteins was performed. MATERIAL and METHODS: A total of 71 patients with GBM who underwent surgery between 2...

AIM: To analyze preoperative inflammatory markers including neutrophil, lymphocyte and platelet counts and neutrophil to lymphocyte (NLR) and platelet to lymphocyte (PLR) ratios in a group of patients with different brain pathologies and healthy controls. MATERIAL and METHODS: Above mentioned preo...

AIM: To analyse postoperative meningitis (POM) after craniotomy, and to compare the clinical characteristics, treatment outcomes and mortality rates of POM that were caused by Acinetobacter spp. or other possible causes. MATERIAL and METHODS: In this study, POM cases in our hospital between 2008 a...

AIM: To investigate the effect of ultrasound-guided methylene blue (MB) thoracic paravertebral nerve block (TPVB) on the treatment of postherpetic neuralgia (PHN). MATERIAL and METHODS: A total of 27 patients with PHN were treated with ultrasound-guided TPVB. The blocking drug used was an MB comp...

AIM: To investigate the efficacy of empirical antibiotic treatment in culture-negative pyogenic vertebral osteomyelitis (PVO) cases. MATERIAL and METHODS: The records of patients with culture-negative PVO who were treated at infectious diseases and neurosurgery outpatient clinics in the past four ...

AIM: To evaluate the effectiveness of Gamma Knife radiosurgery (GKRS) as the primary and only therapy for the treatment of cavernous sinus hemangiomas (CSH) and to report the tumor volume dynamics, course of symptoms, and complications after stereotactic radiosurgery. MATERIAL and METHODS: A tota...

AIM: To assess posterior fossa brain arteriovenous malformation (PFbAVM) patients who received initial endovascular intervention to reduce the lesion size, as well as embolization for the obliteration of the lesions. MATERIAL and METHODS: This retrospective analysis included 16 patients (7 males a...

AIM: To investigate the added value of dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (DCE-MRI) sequences in predicting somatostatin analog (SSA) responses in patients with acromegaly. MATERIAL and METHODS:This study included 55 active acromegaly patients with macroadenoma. Mean and maximum ...

AIM: To compare the effects of spinal anesthesia (SA) and general anesthesia (GA) in lumbar microdiscectomy in terms of their costeffectiveness, and perioperative outcomes. MATERIAL and METHODS: We randomly allocated 100 consecutive patients who were scheduled to undergo elective lumbar microdisc...

AIM: To investigate the effects of Phenyramidol (Phe) on neural development in an early chicken embryo model. MATERIAL and METHODS: Sixty fertile non-pathogenic Super Nick eggs were incubated for 24 hours (h) and divided into four groups of 15 eggs each. Phe was administrated through the sub-blast...

AIM: To characterize the sociodemographic, clinical and radiological findings of patients with depressed skull fractures overlying cranial dural sinuses that we have faced in our institute. In addition, to explore the indications and choices for the surgical and nonsurgical management of such case...

AIM: To describe the location of each white matter pathways around the temporo–parieto–occipital junction (TPOJ) and the dissections performed using focal fiber dissection and fiber separation techniques (FST). These areas play an important role in human language processing and high-level brai...

AIM: To identify the range of dimensional morphometric variability correlated to the basilar and condylar part of the occipital bone, which may affect the choice of approach to ventral intradural foramen magnum (FM) lesions. MATERIAL and METHODS: In total, 25 dry skulls and 50 head computed tomogr...

AIM: To investigate the potential protective effects of melatonin on the chronic radiation emitted by third generation mobile phones on the brain. MATERIAL and METHODS: A total of 24 male Wistar albino rats were divided into four equal groups. Throughout a 90-day experiment, no application was pe...

AIM: To evaluate the effects of agomelatine on the biochemical and pathological features of cisplatin-induced peripheral neuropathy. MATERIAL and METHODS: This study included a total of 30 male Wistar albino rats that weighed 285–300 grams and were divided into three groups: healthy controls (HC...

AIM: To demonstrate the value of special intraoperative neuromonitoring techniques for cauda equina and conus medullaris tumors (CECMT) by describing standard methods used at our center. MATERIAL and METHODS: Neurophysiological records were retrospectively reviewed for 16 patients (eight females a...

AIM: To investigate the incidence of neuropathic pain (NP) in patients with foraminal/extraforaminal lumbar disc herniation (FEFLDH), the prognosis of NP and the effect of microsurgery on patients treatment. MATERIAL and METHODS: Two patient groups with FEFLDH were investigated: the surgery group ...

AIM: To evaluate the feasibility of the mini-open incision method in patients who underwent median nerve decompression in the carpal tunnel with a mini incision made proximal to the distal wrist crease. MATERIAL and METHODS: A total of 80 patients (84 hands) operated by a single surgeon with a min...

AIM: To evaluate the effect of different remote ischemic preconditioning (RIPC) methods in spinal cord ischemia-reperfusion (IR) injury. MATERIAL and METHODS: A total of 36 rats were distributed to the 6 groups: sham surgery, control (only spinal cord IR), unilateral (hind limb RIPC before spinal...

AIM: To evaluate the over expression of Glucose-regulated protein 78 kda (GRP78) in recurrent glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) and explore its chemoresatance. MATERIAL and METHODS: Western blot analysis and real-time PCR were done to detect the expression of GRP78 in GBM tissues. RESULTS: It was det...

AIM: To learn how rat primary somatosensory cortex (pSSC) responses to the loss of inputs from hind-paw, using fMRI of an inferior magnetic power (1.5 Tesla) with special designed high-powered rat coil. MATERIAL and METHODS: Ten adult male Sprague-Dawley rats were enrolled in this study. The rats ...

AIM: To evaluate the efficacy of using a neuronavigation system for demonstrating the relationship between the basilar artery (BA) and ventricular floor during endoscopic third ventriculostomy (ETV). MATERIAL and METHODS: Records of 28 patients (16 females and 12 males) diagnosed with obstructive ...

AIM: To investigate the safety and efficacy of Derivo® embolisation device (DED), a new-generation flow diverter designed to treat cerebrovascular aneurysms, and its long-term clinical outcomes. MATERIAL and METHODS: In total, 146 patients with 182 aneurysms were treated with DED. The mean age of...

AIM: To evaluate whether there is any difference in voice quality between patients who were operated via microscopic and endoscopic approaches for pituitary adenomas. MATERIAL and METHODS: The study group consisted of 59 patients and 30 healthy volunteers. They were all males and divided into thr...

AIM: To investigate predictive factors for a favorable outcome from subthalamic nucleus-deep brain stimulation (STN-DBS) in Parkinson’s disease (PD) and whether low serum vitamin B12 (vB12) levels can predict an unfavorable outcome. MATERIAL and METHODS: Thirty-nine patients with PD who underwen...

AIM: To predict the overall survival (OS) and the cancer-specific survival (CSS) of patients with high-grade glioma (HGG) using nomograms and the surveillance, epidemiology, and end results (SEER) database (2000-2013). MATERIAL and METHODS: A total of 3706 patients with high-grade glioma were iden...

AIM: To investigate the neuroprotective effect of a N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonist (amantadine) in an experimental spinal cord injury (SCI) model. MATERIAL and METHODS: Thirty male Sprague–Dawley rats were divided into three groups: control (I), SCI (II), and SCI + amantadine (...

AIM: To identify the effects of computer assisted training schemes provided to patients who have undergone surgical intervention for lumbar disc herniation on their level of knowledge, level of anxiety, problems experienced after discharge, and level of functional incapacity. MATERIAL and METHODS...

AIM: To explore the anatomic features of the neural foramen in particularly at the T12-L1 level in order to assess reveal the safety and efficiency of the endoscopic transforaminal approach for paramedian and foraminal disc herniations at this level. MATERIAL and METHODS: The study included 15 fre...

AIM: To report the surgical outcomes in patients with trigeminal neuralgia (TN) who underwent microvascular decompression (MVD) with superior petrosal vein sacrification. MATERIAL and METHODS: Data from 63 patients, whose information was obtained from a group of 113 patients who underwent surgery...

AIM: To investigate the incidence, risk factors, and recovery of patients with meralgia paresthetica (MP) following posterior spine surgery. MATERIAL and METHODS: Patients who underwent posterior spine surgeries in prone position at the authors’ clinics were included in this study. Patients wit...

AIM: To determine whether the timing of shunt placement affects shunt infection rate in hydrocephalus associated with myelomeningocele (MMC). MATERIAL and METHODS: The cases of 67 consecutive patients who underwent MMC repair and ventriculoperitoneal (VP) shunt placement between 2010 and 2017 wer...

AIM: To evaluate the changes in the pressure values of the ulnar nerve after in-situ decompression and anterior subcutaneous transposition of the ulnar nerve. MATERIAL and METHODS: The ulnar nerve was released in the postcondylar groove. An ultrathin (100 lm) force transducer was embedded between...

AIM: To determine the expression profile of miRNA-199a-5p in intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD) and its correlation to the grade of IDD. MATERIAL and METHODS: This case-controlled study was conducted during a 6-month period from 2017 to 2018 in two university hospitals in Shiraz, Iran. We inc...

AIM: To determine the feasibility and efficacy of full endoscopic interlaminar discectomy (FEID) for recurrent disc herniation. MATERIAL and METHODS: This retrospective single-center study included 60 patients. Among them, 36 who previously had microdiscectomy underwent revisional FEID (MD group),...

AIM: To investigate the utility of two different interpositional materials (muscle graft vs. fascia flap) for preventing the osseous reunion of skull bone defect including the coronal suture line in rats. MATERIAL and METHODS: A total of 32 male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into 2 groups (n=16...

AIM:To evaluate the long-term outcomes and prognostic variables in a surgical cohort of pediatric meningiomas treated in a single institution. MATERIAL and METHODS: Medical records and follow-up notes of 23 pediatric patients aged 3) during the last follow-up assessment. Ten patients (43.5%) had ...

AIM: To investigate the effects of an anti-ischemic agent, mildronate, on subarachnoid hemorrhage-induced vasospasm. MATERIAL and METHODS: Rabbits were randomly divided into four groups: control, subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH), vehicle, and mildronate (n=8 animals per group). In the treatment group...

AIM: To investigate the clinicopathological features and related factors affecting microsurgical resection of lesions in the cavernous sinus. MATERIAL and METHODS: Clinical data of 66 patients undergoing microsurgery for lesions located in the cavernous sinus from January 2011 to December 2017 we...

AIM: To investigate the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) results of patients complaining from diplopia with ocular nerve palsy. MATERIAL and METHODS: A routine ophthalmic examination was performed, a neurological consultation was requested, and cranial MRI was performed for all patients. The image...

AIM: To determine the interaction between ruxolitinib, JAK/STAT signalling, and two angio-microRNAs (miRs) to expose potential target molecules in the inhibition of glioblastoma invasion. MATERIAL and METHODS: The invasion properties of glioblastoma were analyzed using a cancer cell spheroid invas...

AIM: To present the clinical results in patients with minor instability with “Dynesys®” a soft spinal stabilization system. MATERIAL and METHODS: A total of 83 patients were operated upon and the Dynesys® system was applied. Indications for surgery included painful degenerative disc disease,...

AIM: To define the optimal time of shunt insertion in patients with neural tube defects and hydrocephalus. MATERIAL and METHODS: In total, 71 patients who underwent operation for neural tube defects and hydrocephalus were retrospectively evaluated between 2012 and 2018. The first group comprised 4...

AIM: To propose a convolutional neural network (CNN) for the automatic detection of high-grade gliomas (HGGs) on T2-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans. MATERIAL and METHODS: A total of 3580 images obtained from 179 individuals were used for training and validation. After random rotat...

AIM: To examine the morphological features of thoracic pedicles in a Turkish population. MATERIAL and METHODS: This retrospective study was performed with the patients who were underwent thoracic CT for any reason such as trauma or pulmonary disorder. Patient’s age, height, weight, and sex were ...

AIM: To investigate the role of bipolar electrocautery in the occurrence of epidural fibrosis following lumbar spine laminectomy in a rat model. MATERIAL and METHODS: Fourteen male Sprague–Dawley rats (age: 4–6 months, weight: 250–300 g) were randomly divided into two groups, a bipolar grou...

AIM: To evaluate the clinical characteristics of children who recently underwent decompressive craniectomy (DC) due to elevated intracranial pressure (ICP) correlated to head trauma or other causes, such as ischemic insult. MATERIAL and METHODS: Twelve patients aged ≤17 years who underwent DC du...

AIM: To determine the efficacy and safety of microvascular decompression (MVD) for hemifacial spasm (HFS) by retrospectively reviewing our results. MATERIAL and METHODS: A total of 55 patients who underwent MVD in our clinic between 2003 and 2017 were retrospectively analyzed. Clinical outcome re...

AIM: To examine the effect of sevoflurane, a halogenated anesthetic used in clinical applications, on oxidative stress and inflammation after an acute traumatic brain injury (TBI) in rats. MATERIAL and METHODS: Thirty male Sprague–Dawley rats were divided into three groups: control (Group 1), tr...

AIM: To evaluate the effect of FSLLRY-NH2, a protease-activated receptor 2 (PAR2) inhibitor, on neurocognitive impairment and hippocampal neuronal degeneration in the setting of asphyxial cardiac arrest (ACA)-induced global cerebral ischemia (GCI) in rats. MATERIAL and METHODS: A total of 43 Sprag...

AIM: To analyze the impact of intraoperative neurophysiological monitoring (IONM) on the extent of removal and long-term neurological outcomes in a series of grade II ependymomas. MATERIAL and METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed 88 consecutive patients who underwent surgical resection of an intr...

AIM: To compare the efficacy of bone graft, hydroxyapatite coralline (Biocoral®), and porous polyethylene (Medpor®) implants for cranioplasty in a rat model of cranial bone defects. MATERIAL and METHODS: Two parietal bone defects were created in each of 16 male Sprague–Dawley rats. One was rep...

AIM: To evaluate the relationship between trigeminal neuralgia (TN) and potential magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-related measurements in patients with TN. MATERIAL and METHODS: Retrospective analysis of 104 patients with TN was performed. MRI studies of 98 healthy controls were included in the ...

AIM: To assess spatiotemporal gait parameters in patients with lumbar disc herniation (LDH) and chronic mechanical low back pain (CMLBP), and compare with healthy control group. MATERIAL and METHODS: A total of 70 patients was enrolled in this prospective, controlled cross-sectional study, of whic...

AIM: To summarize the clinical outcomes, follow-up results and to discuss the optimal therapeutic strategy for pericallosal artery aneurysms (PAAs). MATERIAL and METHODS: From January 2013 to May 2017, the charts of 49 patients with PAAs, representing 2.43% of 2,018 consecutive patients with intr...

AIM: To determine whether callosal angle (CA) measurement, a diagnostic and prognostic tool used for normal-pressure hydrocephalus in adults, is a reliable radiological parameter for evaluating endoscopic third ventriculostomy (ETV) outcomes in pediatric patients. MATERIAL and METHODS: Forty-seve...

AIM: To assess the clinical outcomes of treatment for radiation-induced meningiomas. MATERIAL and METHODS: Medical records were retrospectively reviewed for all cranial meningioma cases that were diagnosed and/or underwent surgery at our hospital from 2009 to 2016. All radiation-associated meningi...

AIM: To investigate the expression of the DR4, DR5, OPG, DcR1, and DcR2 in rat brain tissue. MATERIAL and METHODS: Thirty rats were used in this study. The rats were divided into three groups as the control group (n=10), tumor group (n=10), and zincoxide (ZnO) nanoparticles (NP) treatment group (n...

AIM: To examine whether post-treatment sevoflurane is protective against early brain injury (EBI) after subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) and how this neuroprotective effect occurs at different concentrations and durations of administration in mice. Furthermore, we tested whether the neuroprotective e...

AIM: To observe the effect of early hyperbaric oxygen (HBO) therapy on the improvement of consciousness and prognosis of patients with severe brain damages after craniocerebral craniotomy. MATERIAL and METHODS: Eighty-one patients who had cerebral hemorrhage and underwent clearance of hematoma and...

AIM: To discuss the optimal and recent treatment options based on clinical review of 16 chordoma patients. MATERIAL and METHODS: Data of the patients diagnosed and treated between 1999 and 2017 in Gazi University School of Medicine has been collected through patients’ files and the electronic da...

AIM: To investigate the effects of different therapeutic radiation doses on the prevalence of neural tube defects (NTDs) in chick embryos and bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) 4 and BMP7 expression levels. MATERIAL and METHODS: The chick embryos (n=143) were derived from fertile, specific pathogen-...

AIM: To evaluate the feasibility of an experimentally designed model for training on endoscopic intranasal transsphenoidal hypophysis surgery. MATERIAL and METHODS: In this experimental study, a surgical training model for endoscopic transsphenoidal hypophysis surgery was designed to simulate rea...

AIM: To investigate the differences in the head shapes of scaphocephaly patients during the pre- and postoperative phases. MATERIAL and METHODS: Cranium shape data were collected from the two-dimensional digital images. The generalised Procrustes analysis was used to obtain mean shapes in the pre-...

AIM: To compare the efficacy of percutaneous transforaminal endoscopic discectomy with and without epidural steroid application in the treatment of lumbar disc herniation. MATERIAL and METHODS: A total of 101 patients who had indications for percutaneous transforaminal endoscopic discectomy were ...

AIM: To compare the effect of fluoroscopically guided transforaminal epidural steroid injections on radicular pain in foraminal and paramedian lumbar disc herniations. MATERIAL and METHODS: This study included patients who did not benefit from previous medical treatments or are not suitable for s...

AIM: To examine the spinal cord status by using diffusion tensor imagıng (DTI) and tractography preoperatively and postoperatively in patients with Chiari malformation type 1 (CM1) and compare the results with the data obtained from healthy people. MATERIAL and METHODS: Overall, 48 patients (33 p...

AIM: To analyze the impact of Tranexamic acid (TXA) on perioperative hemodynamics in craniosynostosis surgery. MATERIAL and METHODS: Data of thirty-six children (operated between 2014-2017) were categorized into two groups depending on TXA delivery. Patient demographics, preoperative, intraoperati...

AIM: To evaluate the factors affecting the clinical and radiological findings of juxtafacet cyst patients. MATERIAL and METHODS: Between January 2011 and December 2018, eight patients diagnosed with juxtafacet cyst were reviewed, retrospectively. Patient demographics; signs and symptoms; and neuro...

AIM: To investigate the immunogenetic properties of glial tumors according to the World Health Organization 2016 glial tumor classification and develop an accurate diagnosis and treatment strategy by comparing preoperative advanced magnetic resonance (aMRI) technique findings of these results. MA...

AIM: To identify the copy number variations that are specific to myxopapillary ependymomas (MPEs) of the cauda equina. MATERIAL and METHODS: The patient cohort included five patients who underwent resection of histologically confirmed MPEs. Tumor samples collected during surgery and stored in liqu...

AIM: To investigate the effects of metformin, a drug used widely for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus, on human primary cell cultures prepared from uninjured segment of disc material intervertebral disk tissues. MATERIAL and METHODS: Primary cell cultures were prepared using the tissues o...

AIM: To determine whether platelet-associated inflammation parameters (PAIP) could be useful for evaluating inflammation in sagittal imbalance (SI) by investigating its relationship with pelvic tilt (PT), sacral slope (SS), pelvic incidence (PI), lumbar lordosis (LL) and thoracic kyphosis (TK). M...

AIM: To investigate the relationship between the distribution of ABO or Rhesus (Rh) blood group antigens and the incidence of myelomeningocele. MATERIAL and METHODS: A retrospective data was reviewed for all myelomeningocele patients operated at a tertiary academic hospital between years 2014 and...

AIM: To measure and to compare the volume of thalamus using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and the anatomical sections. MATERIAL and METHODS: In this study, 13 brain specimens were used. First, the images were taken in 3 mm sections on MRI, the thickness of the thalamus was measured. Subsequentl...

AIM: To investigate the acute effects of sildenafil citrate in an experimental model of severe head trauma, and to compare it with the efficacy of mannitol, which is an osmotically active agent frequently used in clinical treatment of traumatic brain injury (TBI). MATERIAL and METHODS: Twenty-eigh...

AIM: To study miR-24 effects on cerebral infarction in rats. MATERIAL and METHODS: A rat middle cerebral artery occlusion model (MCAO) was constructed. Intracerebroventricular stereotactic injection of miR-24 agomir/antagomir was performed in the rat MCAO model. According to different experiences,...

AIM: To evaluate the possible neuroprotective effects of systemic administration of cyclosporine (Cyclosporin A) after traumatic brain injury in rats. MATERIAL and METHODS: The modified Feeney method was used as the trauma model in male Sprague Dawley rats. After the trauma, 20 mg/kg of cyclospor...

AIM: To measure cytokine and lactate levels in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of patients with suspected post-neurosurgical meningitis. MATERIAL and METHODS: Interleukin (IL)-8,-12, and -13, interferon (IFN) gamma, and lactate concentrations were determined in the CSF of patients diagnosed with men...

AIM: To find a more practical and effective formula than simple ABC/2 (sABC/2) to calculate the hematoma volume in patients with subdural and parenchymal haemorrhage. MATERIAL and METHODS: We reviewed the records of 157 patients who underwent brain computed tomography examinations for stroke from...

AIM: To share the inferences about trends on central nervous system (CNS) cancers in Turkey with the whole health community. MATERIAL and METHODS: Turkish National Cancer Statistics, statistics of Turkey in GLOBOCAN 2018 and worldwide statistics country-by-country in GLOBOCAN 2018 was compared to ...

AIM: To provide detailed information about anterior skull base anatomy. MATERIAL and METHODS: In terms of gender and laterality, the drainage pathways and anatomical variations of the frontal sinus, crista galli and nasal septum in 402 patients were evaluated via computed tomography scans. RESULT...

AIM: To evaluate computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings of cranial intraosseous meningiomas (IOMs). MATERIAL and METHODS: This study included ten patients (six females and four males) with IOMs who underwent cranial CT and/ or MRI examinations during May 2009?June ...

AIM: To determine the effect of using three concurrent measures (2% chlorhexidine gluconate +70% alcohol for skin cleaning, changing the dressing every 48 hours, and observing the operating room) for patients who had venriculoperitoneal shunt (VPS) implantations on the infection rate. MATERIAL an...

AIM: To evaluate the clinical efficacy and fusion characteristics of allografts in spinal tuberculosis (TB). MATERIAL and METHODS: The research reviewed 1196 patients with spinal tuberculosis who received treatment at six hospitals from January 2000 to January 2016. A total of 623 patients who had...

AIM: To compare neuroendoscopy versus minimal puncture drainage for surgical treatment of supratentorial hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage. MATERIAL and METHODS: A total of 108 cases involving supratentorial intracerebral hemorrhage were retrospectively analyzed. In 30 cases, endoscopic surge...

AIM: To determine the clinical and radiographical aspects of six patients diagnosed with pericallosal lipomas (PCL). MATERIAL and METHODS: A retrospective analysis of patients who presented to the neurosurgery outpatient clinics of Selcuk Faculty of Medicine between 2009 and 2019, revealed that si...

AIM: To examine the morphological structure of anterior lumbar spinal region. MATERIAL and METHODS: Fifteen fresh human cadavers were studied in our forensic medicine institution. Within the first 24 hours after death, cadavers were subject to a routine autopsy, by which the intestines were remove...

AIM: To investigate the effects of tartrazine exposure on neural tube development, in early stage chicken embryos. MATERIAL and METHODS: A total of 120 fertilized specific pathogen-free chicken eggs were divided into 4 equal groups (groups 1?4). After 30 hours of incubation, the eggs, except for t...

AIM: To elucidate the characteristics of kyphoplasty in correlation with spinal metastasis. MATERIAL and METHODS: Data of patients treated by kyphoplasty between January 2017 and December 2019 were reviewed retrospectively. Preoperative prophylactic antibiotics and low-molecular-weight heparin inj...

AIM: To share our clinical experience with surgical and adjuvant treatment strategies followed during the treatment of midline gliomas. MATERIAL and METHODS: Pediatric patients with midline gliomas who underwent surgery in our clinic between March 2016 and November 2019 were included. Tissue samp...

AIM: To reveal difficulties in differential diagnosis of some cases of cerebrovascular events (CVEs) and malignant primary brain tumors (MBTs) even a multidiciplinary evaluation in grand rounds. MATERIAL and METHODS: This study retrospectively analyzed the patient archives from January 2017?Decemb...

AIM: To assess the safety and efficacy of distal thrombectomy (DT) using a Catch View mini (CVm) device via a microcatheter with a 0.013-inch inner diameter. MATERIAL and METHODS: Nine of 246 acute ischemic stroke patients who underwent mechanical thrombectomy developed distal emboli and were inc...

AIM: To investigate the patients who underwent decompressive craniectomy (DC) for trauma or cerebrovascular disease, and to determine the most suitable treatment protocol for those patients. MATERIAL and METHODS: Overall, 32 patients with trauma or cerebrovascular disease underwent DC. Clinical, r...

AIM: To evaluate the interobserver variability in determining the number of mitoses in 10 high-power field (HPF) and thus the tumor grade, and to investigate how to reduce grade discordance between the observers and the most useful method to identify the patients who would receive an additional tr...

AIM: To suggest a geometric classification of paraclinoid aneurysms for microcatheter superselection. MATERIAL and METHODS: Clinical data from 76 patients (80 paraclinoid aneurysms) who underwent endovascular treatments were retrospectively reviewed. Paraclinoid aneurysms were classified according...

AIM: To evaluate the prognostic value of preoperative neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio and platelet-lymphocyte ratio in glioblastoma multiforme patients. MATERIAL and METHODS: A total of 75 patients retrospectively analysed. The complete blood count of the patients was analysed before surgery. In o...

AIM: To investigate the effect of alpha lipoic acid on cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) osmolarity and brain tissue water ratio in a rabbit model of traumatic brain injury. MATERIAL and METHODS: Using a previously established model of traumatic brain injury using liquid nitrogen, 36 New Zealand rabbits ...

AIM: To analyze the resident?s contribution toward research productivity and the publication rates of theses conducted in neurosurgery departments across Turkey. MATERIAL and METHODS: A retrospective bibliometric analysis was conducted using databases of Council of Higher Education Thesis Center ...

AIM: To document the effectiveness of an alternative surgical technique with concurrent vertebroplasty and decompression without instrumentation for patients with vertebral hemangioma presenting with neural compression symptoms. MATERIAL and METHODS: This study is a technical note and a retrospect...

AIM: To determine whether melatonin (MLT) mitigates white matter (WM) injury by attenuating NOD-like receptor family pyrin domain-containing 3 (NLRP3)-associated oligodendrocyte apoptosis after subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). MATERIAL and METHODS: SAH model C57BL/6J mice were created using an endov...

AIM: To describe and demonstrate the close analogy between dual volume reconstruction images derived using three-dimensional digital subtraction angiography (3D-DSA) and surgical microscopic images. MATERIAL and METHODS: From 2013 to 2018, 12 patients with spinal vascular malformation (SVM) underw...

AIM: To present a case series describing an endoscopic technique with a small craniotomy for recurrent chronic subdural hematoma (rCSDH) treatment. MATERIAL and METHODS: A total of 17 patients with rCSDH underwent neuroendoscopic hematoma removal with a small craniotomy under local or general ane...

AIM: To evaluate the clinical and economic outcomes of the adoption of the enhanced recovery after spine surgery (ERSS) program in patients undergoing spine instrumentation. MATERIAL and METHODS: This study described the introduction of the ERSS program, and we compared 86 consecutive patients wh...

AIM: To evaluate the association between in-hospital outcomes of patients with spinal tuberculosis and different surgical approaches. MATERIAL and METHODS: This population-based, retrospective observational study analyzed data of hospitalized patients undergoing surgical treatment for spinal tuber...

AIM: To investigate the effects of different magnesium forms on tissue damage, cognitive and emotional behavioural impairment after mild traumatic brain injury (TBI). MATERIAL and METHODS: Rats were divided into 5 groups (control, trauma, magnesium sulphate, magnesium citrate, magnesium acetyl ta...

AIM: To evaluate the short-term outcomes of epidural steroid injections (ESIs) among elderly patients with lumbar spinal stenosis. MATERIAL and METHODS: This was a retrospective study. The sample consisted of 44 patients aged 65 or older who underwent epidural steroid injections secondary to lumba...

AIM: To evaluate the outcomes of percutaneous spinal cord stimulation (PSCS) in patients with failed back surgery syndrome (FBSS) in an academic tertiary care center. MATERIAL and METHODS: The hospital records of patients with FBSS who had undergone PSCS were retrospectively reviewed. A total of ...

AIM: To analyze the correlation of clinicopathologic prognostic parameters with atypical meningiomas (AMs) and recurrence development as well as progression-free survival (PFS). MATERIAL and METHODS: The neuropathology archive and hospital records of 75 patients with AM who underwent surgery in ou...

AIM: To evaluate the relationship between the time from cessation of anticoagulant/antiplatelet medication to surgery and risk of postoperative acute subdural hematoma (ASDH) after burr hole drainage of chronic subdural hematoma (CSDH). MATERIAL and METHODS: A retrospective study of patients who u...

AIM: To investigate the visual analogue scale (VAS) and Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) scores after the removal of the instrumentation system in patients who underwent lumbar instrumentation for lumbar degenerative disease (LDD). MATERIAL and METHODS: This study included 30 patients (19 female, 1...

AIM: To evaluate surgical treatment options, complications and neurological outcomes of patients with cavernous malformations (CMs) in the pons and medulla oblongata. MATERIAL and METHODS: We retrospectively evaluated 25 brain stem CMs that we operated between 2009 and 2019. We operated all cases...

AIM: To discuss the management of patients with the syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion (SIADH) developing after subarachnoid hemorrhage, in a comparative manner in the light of the literature. MATERIAL and METHODS: Without country or language restrictions, articles with high ...

AIM: To investigate the effect of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) signaling on neurogenesis following intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH). MATERIAL and METHODS: A rat model of ICH was induced via the stereotaxic injection of 100 ?L autologous blood into the right globus pall...

AIM: To present the radiological findings of fibrous dysplasia (FD) patients who had computed tomography (CT) and/or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans. MATERIAL and METHODS: This study included a total of 25 patients (17 female and 8 male) who were found to have FD based on CT examinations b...

AIM: To report treatment experiences with titanium mesh cranioplasty infection at a single institution over the last 5 years. MATERIAL and METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed 11 consecutive patients who were diagnosed with infection under the skin flap after titanium mesh cranioplasty and receive...

AIM: To observe the effect of combining ellagic acid (EA), a natural phenol present in fruits and vegetables, and temozolomide (TMZ) on the proliferation and expression profile of C6 glioma cell line. MATERIAL and METHODS: Rat C6 glioma cells were treated with 100-?M EA combined with 100 ?M TMZ fo...

AIM: To retrospectively evaluate the overall survival (OS) of patients with brain metastases (BMs) who had been treated with whole brain radiotherapy (WBRT) and Gamma Knife (GK) according to prognostic factors and prognostic index scores. MATERIAL and METHODS: The study included 91 patients with B...

AIM: To compare the right and left sides and the endo?exocranial orifices of the jugular foramen (JF) considering the vascular compartment (VC) and the neural compartment (NC). MATERIAL and METHODS: A total of 20 human dry skulls belonging to the inventory of Medical Faculty, Department of Anatomy...

AIM: To assess the effectiveness and reliability of hemilaminectomy and bilateral decompression (HLBD) for the treatment of thoracic spinal stenosis (TSS) in selected patients. MATERIAL and METHODS: Clinical data of 21 consecutive adult patients who underwent HLBD were investigated. Patients diag...

AIM: To investigate the effect of distal fusion level on radiographic parameters and functional outcome in patients with degenerative spine disease who undergo long posterior fusion with instrumentation. MATERIAL and METHODS: This study included 78 adult patients aged>60 years who underwent long p...

AIM: To assess the classical and functional imaging features of patients with pathology located in the eloquent areas of the brain who were admitted to our centre between October 2012 and February 2018. We also studied intraoperative somatosensory evoked potential (SEP), motor evoked potentials (M...

AIM: To investigate the relationship between cancer stem cells (CD133 and CD44) and HIF1? expression in meningioma. MATERIAL and METHODS: In an immunohistochemistry experiment, three expert pathologists examined 100 meningioma slides stained for HIF1?, CD133, and CD44 antibodies. Statistical analy...

AIM: To evaluate the possible neuroprotective effects of ketamine and dantrolene on the hippocampal apoptosis and spatial learning in rats exposed to repeated electroconvulsive seizures (ECS) as a model of status epilepticus (SE). MATERIAL and METHODS: Twenty-four rats were assigned to 4 groups. 1...

AIM: To introduce a visual surgical concept using a retrospective comparison of the outcomes between visualized percutaneous endoscopic lumbar discectomy (V-PELD) and conventional PELD techniques. MATERIAL and METHODS: Data from 61 patients in the conventional PELD group and 55 in the V-PELD group...

AIM: To elucidate possible causal relationships on climate change and intracranial haematomas. MATERIAL and METHODS: In a retrospective study we examined all patients (N=1169) treated for subarachnoid haemorrhage (SAH; n=484), intracerebral haemorrhage (ICH; n=417) or chronic subdural haematoma (C...

AIM: To investigate the neuroprotective and therapeutic efficacy of hesperidin against secondary damage following traumatic spinal cord injury. MATERIAL and METHODS: A total of 32 male Wistar albino rats weighing 250?300 g were randomly divided into four groups (n=4): group I, control group; grou...

AIM: To report and to discuss our experience of awake craniotomy for the treatment of supratentorial lesions. MATERIAL and METHODS: We included patients who underwent awake craniotomy for supratentorial tumors between 2007 and 2018. A bipolar stimulation probe was used for patients with eloquent a...

AIM: To introduce a traumatic brain injury (TBI) patient who underwent stem cell transplantation (SCT) in order to minimize the remaining injury deficiencies. MATERIAL and METHODS: This study included a 29 years old male who had TBI resulting from a vehicle accident which took place one and a hal...

AIM: To evaluate the satisfactory clinical and radiological outcomes of posterior dynamic stabilization for the direct repair of bilateral L5 pars interarticularis defects and pars fusion. MATERIAL and METHODS: This is a retrospective evaluation of postoperative follow-up results of 13 patients wi...

AIM: To evaluate the patients with brain metastases from unknown primary (BMUP) cancers, and to analyze the prognostic factors and survival rates. MATERIAL and METHODS: We conducted a retrospective study with 110 patients (mean age: 62.8 years [range 23?90], n=85- 77.3% male and n=25-22.7% female...

AIM: To investigate the use of Augmented Reality (AR) technology as it contributes to spinal surgery education with the free-hand technique, and might reduce the error ratio. MATERIAL and METHODS: Ten candidates, with anatomy education but no surgical experience, applied 36 pedicle screws with C2...

AIM: To reveal the impacts of the novel coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic on the functioning of neurosurgery clinics and to determine the anxiety levels and attitudes of Turkish neurosurgeons towards their profession during the pandemic. MATERIAL and METHODS: The Beck anxiety inventory and a cl...

AIM: To investigate whether Nimodipine (N) and Nigella sativa (NS) oil have protective, antioxidant effects in brain injury caused by experimental head trauma. MATERIAL and METHODS: Fifty albino Wistar rats were randomly divided into 5 groups that underwent experimental head trauma. Oxidative par...

AIM: To present the authors? experience in treatment of chronic subdural hematoma (CSDH) by a minimally surgical percutaneous approach. MATERIAL and METHODS: We relate our experience of mini-invasive evacuation of chronic subdural hematoma. Between May 2006 and December 2017, 1079 patients have b...

AIM: To identify the effects of different immunohistochemical features of glioblastomas with spinal metastases based on the metastatic spread and survival rate. MATERIAL and METHODS: A total of 214 patients who were diagnosed with and operated for brain tumor in our clinic between 2007 and 2018, ...

AIM: To evaluate the safety and efficacy of flow diverter (FD) stents in the treatment of intracranial aneurysms less than 5 mm. MATERIAL and METHODS: We treated 66 aneurysms in 43 patients with aneurysms less than 5 mm. Of the patients, 29 were females and 14 males (mean age: 50.2 years). Headach...

AIM: To analyze the spinal canal type and spinal structure of patients, to determine appropriate preoperative preparation and surgical procedures to prevent material malposition, which is the most common complication of thoracolumbar posterior transpedicular stabilization (TPTS) and is a determine...

AIM: To investigate the relationship between paracetamol and expression levels of cyclooxygenase-2, cyclin B, cell viability and apoptosis in glioblastoma cell line. MATERIAL and METHODS: The A172 glioblastoma cells were treated with different concentrations of paracetamol and phosphate buffer sa...

AIM: To compare preoperative and intraoperative electrophysiologic values in patients who underwent brain and spine surgeries. MATERIAL and METHODS: A retrospective medical record review was conducted on patients who underwent brain and spine surgery between January 2014 and July 2018. Patients un...

AIM: To investigate the efficacy and safety of the self-locking stand-alone cage used from opposite approach for the treatment of adjacent segment disease (ASD) after an anterior cervical corpectomy and fusion (ACCF). MATERIAL and METHODS: In this study, we retrospectively analyzed the clinical da...

AIM: To determine the effectiveness of diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) in diagnosing cervical spondylotic myelopathy (CSM) in patients with no findings detected in conventional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). MATERIAL and METHODS: Fifty-four patients who presented for cervical MRI between January...

AIM: To demonstrate the various technical advantages of minimally invasive endoscopic untethering of tight filum terminale for the treatment of tethered cord syndrome (TCS). MATERIAL and METHODS: In five pediatric cases of TCS, we performed untethering by using the endoscopic technique. The age o...

AIM: To investigate the expression patterns of D-serine and N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor 1 in the temporal lobes of patients with intractable epilepsy. MATERIAL and METHODS: Cortical temporal lobe brain tissue samples were collected from 20 patients with intractable epilepsy and 6 patient...

AIM: To investigate the effect of age, diabetes mellitus, and body mass index (BMI) on the outcomes of carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) surgery in patients with moderate CTS according to neurophysiological classification. MATERIAL and METHODS: Postsurgical outcomes were evaluated via a nerve conductio...

AIM: To investigate the effect of preoperative levodopa responsiveness to clinical outcomes in the first postoperative year, and to evaluate the changes in the postoperative levodopa responsiveness in patients undergoing subthalamic nucleus (STN) deep brain stimulation (DBS). MATERIAL and METHODS...

AIM: To examine the effect of propolis on the healing process in terms of both electrophysiological and ultrastructural parameters in a rat model of experimental spinal cord injury. MATERIAL and METHODS: Thirty rats were divided into control, spinal cord trauma, and treated trauma groups with 10 r...

AIM: To determine the mitochondrial microsatellite instability (mtMSI) status in a series of Malaysian patients with brain tumors. Furthermore, we analyzed whether the mtMSI status is associated with the clinicopathological features of the patients. MATERIAL and METHODS: Forty fresh frozen tumor t...

AIM: To study topography and variability in the origin of anterior interosseous nerve; to identify the branching pattern of the anterior interosseous nerve supplying the flexor digitorum profundus, flexor pollicis longus, and pronator quadratus muscles. MATERIAL and METHODS: The present study incl...

AIM: To explain how to resect hippocampal tissue in rats used as live mammalian subjects for the resection of fresh cerebral tissue in laboratories. MATERIAL and METHODS: Adult male Wistar-Albino rats (n=50) were used for this purpose. RESULTS: The average bodyweight of the rats was 316.4 ± 11.71...

AIM: To compare the efficacies of fluoroscopy- and ultrasound (US)-guided caudal epidural steroid injections (CESIs) in patients with chronic low back pain (LBP). MATERIAL and METHODS: This study included patients with chronic LBP who underwent US- (Group U; n = 90) or fluoroscopyguided (Group F;...

AIM: To carry out an in-depth bibliometric analysis of scoliosis literature. MATERIAL and METHODS: This study used the Web of Science database to identify relevant articles for analysis. The literature search used the keyword ?scolio*? and focused on the period between 1980-2019. Bibliometric netw...

AIM: To investigate the effects of quetiapine exposure on neural tube development in early stage chicken embryos. MATERIAL and METHODS: Eighty-four fertilised specific pathogen-free chicken eggs were divided into four equal groups (groups 1?4). Three experimental groups (groups 2, 3 and 4) and a s...

AIM: To analyze retrospectively our experience of unilateral hemilaminectomy in intradural extramedullary (IDEM) tumors. MATERIAL and METHODS: This study included 28 patients with IDEM tumors who underwent unilateral hemilaminectomies during the period 2011?2016. The preoperative clinicoradiologic...

AIM: To clarify the risk factors for adult moyamoya disease (MMD) in patients from South China. MATERIAL and METHODS: We prospectively studied adult patients who were diagnosed angiographically with MMD. The demographic profiles, medical history and clinical characteristics were compared between a...

AIM: To perform three-level decompression with a single-level corpectomy by modifying the fusion with anterior cervical corpectomy (ACC-F) method on a cadaver. MATERIAL and METHODS: The anterior cervical region of four whole-head cadavers was dissected. The corpectomy was performed under a surgic...

AIM: To demonstrate a custom spine disease analytical evaluation module that can instantly, accurately, and effectively analyze the widely accepted outcome measurements. MATERIAL and METHODS: The data input and analysis processes were evaluated on a timely basis to compare the traditional paper-b...

AIM: To examine the implantation of chitosan channels stuffed with mesenchyme-originated stem/progenitor cells (MSPCs) derived from adult rats in a spinal cord transection model. The level of axonal regeneration, the effect of chitosan channels on the survival of MSPCs, and the functional recovery...

AIM: To compare the clinical and radiological results of using synthetic bone graft versus autograft obtained from the spinous process in posterior lumbar interbody fusion. MATERIAL and METHODS: This retrospective study included 102 patients with degenerative lumbar spondylolisthesis who underwen...

AIM: To investigate the cytotoxic effects of boron application at different doses on U-87 MG glioblastoma cells. MATERIAL and METHODS: The T98G (ATCC® CRL-1690?) glioblastoma cell strain used in the study was acquired from the American Type Culture Collection (ATCC) (Manassas, USA). Boric acid sol...

AIM: To evaluate the protective effects of azathioprine, a macrophage-inhibiting agent, on secondary injury in spinal cord trauma. MATERIAL and METHODS: A total of 40 Wistar rats were randomly divided into 4 groups. All the animals had undergone T8-10 laminectomy. Except in group I (control), all ...

AIM: To demonstrate the microsurgical procedures, and to evaluate the feasibility of living models of experimental neurovascular training by developing new complex vascular exercises mimicking the most common intracranial aneurysms. MATERIAL and METHODS: The procedures were performed under a Zeiss...

AIM: To determine the effect of Intravenous Tranexamic Acid (TXA) on traumatic intracerebral hemorrhage. MATERIAL and METHODS: A total of 94 cases of TBI with intracerebral hemorrhage, admitted to the emergency department who did not need surgical intervention based on a primary brain spiral compu...

AIM: To measure the serum levels of strong angiostatic and synaptogenetic molecules thrombospondin-1 (TSP-1) and thrombospondin-2 (TSP-2) in patients with temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) before and after surgery. MATERIAL and METHODS: In this prospective study, 20 patients operated for TLE and 20 hea...

AIM: To investigate the effects of metformin, dichloroacetate (DCA), and memantine on T98G and U87-MG human glioblastoma (GBM) cells to target tumor cell metabolism in a multi-directional manner. MATERIAL and METHODS: IC50 levels for metformin, DCA, metformin+DCA and memantine were determined by M...

AIM: To analyze the effectiveness of fat and fibrin glue to prevent postoperative cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leak in pituitary surgery. MATERIAL and METHODS: Two hundred and eleven patients affected by pituitary adenoma entered this study. Patients that underwent a microscopic transsphenoidal appro...

AIM: To evaluate the functional and histopathological results of alpha-tocopherol (vitamin E) and vitamin B12 on an experimental rat model of peripheral nerve injury. MATERIAL and METHODS: This research included 32 Wistar Hannover rats. The sciatic nerves of the animals were crushed using an aneu...

AIM: To compare the histological and angiographic measurements of the basilar artery in an experimental rabbit subarachnoid hemorrhage model. MATERIAL and METHODS: The basilar artery was measured using both histological and angiographic methods in experimental subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) and va...

AIM: To estimate the rupture risk of anterior communicating artery (AComA) and AComA-related aneurysms according to their localization, angiographic architecture, and morphological features. MATERIAL and METHODS: In this study, 124 patients with AComA and AComA-related anterior system aneurysms we...

AIM: To investigate the effects of different radiation doses on the development of the neural tube defect in chick embryos using computed tomography (CT), and assess its correlation with survivin and Bcl-2 expressions. MATERIAL and METHODS: A total of 150 chicken eggs were used and grouped into fi...

AIM: To define the natural course of kyphosis, and to evaluate the efficiency of a new technique in surgical correction of kyphosis seen in myelomeningocele(MM) patients. MATERIAL and METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed our patients with MM. The rate of kyphosis, mean angle of progression and me...

AIM: To assess and compare the antioxidant capacities of high-grade gliomas (HGG) according to their grades and the presence of isocitrate dehydrogenase 1 (IDH1) mutation using tissue thiol level measurement. MATERIAL and METHODS: Tissue thiol concentrations were measured in 41 HGG samples and 21 ...

AIM: To evaluate the neuroprotective effects of benidipine hydrochloride on the cerebral cortex tissues in rats exposed to cerebral ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury. MATERIAL and METHODS: Twenty-four male Wistar albino rats were randomly divided into three groups, and administered benidipine hyd...

AIM: To study the clinical profile, imaging features, intra-operative findings, post-operative outcome at discharge and at 6 months in patients with internal carotid artery (ICA) bifurcation aneurysm. MATERIAL and METHODS: Present study is a retrospective analysis of data of patients who underwent...

AIM: To compare the efficacy and safety of minimally endoscopic discectomy (MED), percutaneous endoscopic transforaminal discectomy (PETD) and percutaneous endoscopic interlaminar discectomy (PEID) in the treatment of L5/S1 lumbar disc herniation (LDH). MATERIAL and METHODS: From May 2012 to Janu...

AIM: To investigate the effects of trauma type and survival on biochemical parameters including blood urea, creatinine, and glucose levels on patients with traumatic brain injury (TBI). MATERIAL and METHODS: The medical records of 102 patients with TBIs who were admitted to the emergency departmen...

AIM: To investigate the incidence, types, morphological and morphometric properties of spina bifida on dry sacral bones. MATERIAL and METHODS: 110 dry adult sacrums gathered from the bone collections of the Laboratory of the Anatomy Department of Dokuz Eylul University School of Medicine were exam...

AIM: To evaluate the gram-negative nosocomial meningitis cases which were treated with intrathecal (IT) / intraventricular (IVT) antibiotics. MATERIAL and METHODS: Medical records were reviewed for IT/IVT antibiotherapy. Gram-negative nosocomial meningitis cases treated with IT/IVT antibiotherapy...

AIM: To show whether the glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) levels are significantly higher in the serum of patients with mild traumatic brain injury or not. MATERIAL and METHODS: The level of serum GFAP was measured in 176 patients suffering from brain trauma. The ability of GFAP in predicti...

AIM: To investigate the effect of Propolis-gum Arabic as a nerve guidance channel. MATERIAL and METHODS: Male rats (n=24) were randomly divided into sham surgery, autograft, and Propolis+gum Arabic groups with equal numbers. Under anesthesia, the sciatic nerve was removed, and the gap between the ...

AIM: To investigate the effect of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) variants mainly in D-loop on glioma biology. MATERIAL and METHODS: Sanger sequencing of D-loop (15971?16451 bp) for 52 glioma patients was performed and the variations were statistically analyzed for gender, WHO classification, morphologi...

AIM: To investigate the anti-apoptotic and anti-oxidant effects of systemic uridine treatment in a rat model of sciatic nerve injury. MATERIAL and METHODS: Thirty-two adult male rats were equally randomized to Sham, Control, U100, and U500 groups. Sham rats received a sham operation by exposing th...

AIM: To compare the low-profile visualized intraluminal support (LVIS or LVIS Jr.) stent, which is a braided microstent, and Enterprise Vascular Reconstructive Device (VRD), which is fabricated using laser cutting technology, in the treatment of internal carotid artery aneurysms. MATERIAL and MET...

AIM: To determine the prevalence of open and closed posterior superior iliac spine (PSIS) using lower abdominal computed tomography (CT) examinations. MATERIAL and METHODS: Eight hundred and fifty (M/F:464/386) adult patients who underwent lower abdominal CT between January 2018 and December 2018...

AIM: To investigate the underlying conditions in children with torticollis. MATERIAL and METHODS: Between May 2016 and December 2019, 24 patients (10 girls and 14 boys; mean age, 8 years) presenting with twisted neck, neck pain, weakness of extremities, imbalance, and gait disorder were evaluated ...

AIM: To measure serum levels of thrombospondin-1 (TSP-1) and thrombospondin-2 (TSP-2) in patients with common brain tumors, namely high-grade glioma (HGG), low-grade glioma (LGG), and meningioma. MATERIAL and METHODS: For this prospective study, a total of 56 patients were operated on for supraten...

AIM: To investigate the relationship between clinical features and prognosis of the hippocampal sclerosis (HS) cases and International League Against Epilepsy (ILAE) histopathology classification. MATERIAL and METHODS: A hundred patients with refractory epilepsy who were operated with the diagnosi...

AIM: To investigate the effects of electromagnetic waves (EMWs) from mobile phones (MPs) on rat brains of rats by morphological and biochemical analysis. MATERIAL and METHODS: EMW was applied for two hours/day until birth in stand-by fetal and EMW fetal groups and postnatal 60th day in stand-by a...

AIM: To evaluate the long-term efficacy of temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) surgery, and to emphasize the factors affecting seizure outcomes such as surgical technique nuances and micro-neuroanatomical details in TLE cases. MATERIAL and METHODS: In this retrospective analysis, 238 patients who underwe...

AIM: To compare the radiological and functional changes after multi-level laminoplasty between patients with cervical spondylotic myelopathy (CSM) and ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament (OPLL). MATERIAL and METHODS: This study included 75 patients consisted with 32 of CSM (group A...

AIM: To assess the craniocervical junction (CCJ) by using radiological measurements in patients with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) and Scheuermann?s kyphosis (SK), and to compare those reults with healthy adolescent population. MATERIAL and METHODS: Patients were assigned to three groups. ...

AIM: To analyze the Glutathione S-transferase (GST)-P, GST-M, cytochrome p450 (CYP)1-A1, CYP1-B1, and multidrug resistance (MDR)-1 expressions in malignant intracranial tumor (ICT)s, and to elicit their role on patient survival. MATERIAL and METHODS: GST-P, GST-M, CYP1-A1, CYP1-B1, and MDR-1 expre...

AIM: To measure C2-related morphometric parameters in a Turkish population. MATERIAL and METHODS: The computed tomography (CT) images of three groups (Group 1: paediatric cases aged 1-6 years, Group 2: age7-16 years, and Group 3: adult cases), who had cervical spine CT were used to measure some mo...

AIM: To show the relationship of lumbar intervertebral discs with the ureters by using computerized tomography (CT). MATERIAL and METHODS: Eighty patients (male/female: 42/38) with a mean age of 45 years were included in this retrospective study. An imaginary line passing through the tangential to...

AIM: To investigate the possible neuroprotective effect of boric acid (BA) by examining the changes in catalase (CAT) activity and levels of CAT and malondialdehyde (MDA) in brain tissues from rats with closed head trauma. MATERIAL and METHODS: The study consisted of three groups: control, traumat...

AIM: To analyze Chromogranin A levels on vasospasm in an experimental subarachnoid heamorrhage (SAH) model. MATERIAL and METHODS: Sixteen Wistar Albino male rats were used in study. Two groups are formed; first was consisting of 8 rats that experimental SAH was performed on them, second group was ...

AIM: To investigate the neurotoxic effects of strontium (Sr) compounds and Glycyrrhiza glabra (licorice, G. glabra). MATERIAL and METHODS: In this study, we conducted neurotoxicity assays on the human cortical neuronal cell line HCN-2 (CRL- 10742) to determine the potential neurotoxic effects of S...

AIM: To evaluate the patient groups with ankylosing spinal disorder (ASD) in terms of patients? characteristics, applied surgical approaches, and the outcomes. MATERIAL and METHODS: Between 2008-2019, 50 ASD patients (35?80 years) were operated on subaxial cervical fracture. The mean follow-up ti...

AIM: To analyze the results of stereotactic radiosurgery in 295 patients with residual Grade I meningiomas located at parasellar region, petroclival region, cerebellopontine angle and parasagittal region. MATERIAL and METHODS: A total of 295 patients with Grade 1 residual Meningiomas (197 women, 9...

AIM: To compare the effectiveness of laminoplasty and laminectomy with fusion in the treatment of patients with cervical spondylotic myelopathy (CSM). MATERIAL and METHODS: This study retrospectively reviewed 52 patients diagnosed with CSM who underwent either laminoplasty (LP group) or laminecto...

AIM: To design a novel hand-held retractor in order to reduce both operation time and radiation exposure in percutaneous pedicle screw placement. MATERIAL and METHODS: A total of 126 patients with single segment thoracolumbar vertebral fracture were surgically treated with percutaneous pedicle sc...

AIM: To evaluate the clinical results of patients who underwent unilateral dynamic rod stabilization after unilateral facet joint excision during spinal surgery. MATERIAL and METHODS: Twenty patients who were diagnosed with degenerative spinal disease or spinal tumor, who were operated on using a...

AIM: To determine the Wnt and SHH subtypes at the molecular level, and to compare them clinically by examining the changes in CTNNB1, AXIN, PTCH1, SMO, SUFU, and GLI1 mRNA expression in the medulloblastoma of a Turkish population determined according to patient selection criteria. In this context,...

AIM: To assess the role of our modified selective spinal nerve block (SSNB) procedure to predict the results of the subsequent Percutaneous endoscopic transforaminal lumbar surgeries (PETLS). MATERIAL and METHODS: We retrospectively analyzed data of patients who underwent our modified SSNBs before...

AIM: To analyze the clinical and surgical outcomes following gross total resection (GTR) and planned subtotal resection (STR) of giant intracranial epidermoid tumors. MATERIAL and METHODS: In this retrospective cohort study, all patients who were diagnosed with and operated for giant intracranial...

AIM: To present a new sonographic approach for lumbar transforamianal injection and compared it with traditional fluoroscopicguided approach. MATERIAL and METHODS: This interventional clinical study was conducted on 30 patients with a history of radicular lowback pain and a recent MRI indicating ...

AIM: To elucidate the association of the MTHFR, MTRR, and RAD54L gene variations with meningioma in Turkish cohort. MATERIAL and METHODS: DNAs were isolated from 87 retrospective meningioma samples. The MTHFR, MTRR, and RAD54L gene hotspot regions were amplified with specific primers via polymeras...

AIM: To investigate the effects of pregabalin on neural tube closure, and other potential effects on other organ systems in a chick embryo model. MATERIAL and METHODS: Fertilized chicken eggs were divided into groups, and different doses of pregabalin was administered. All embryos were harvested ...

AIM: To prove that VIM line technique created by using a mathematical model, can be used to identify the location of the ventral intermediate nucleus of the thalamus (VIM) MATERIAL and METHODS: Eleven patients with Parkinson?s disease (PD) were assessed. To determine the VIM location, 3-T magneti...

AIM: To determine the effect of posterior vertebral column resection (PVCR) in patients with paraplegia by using the American Spinal Injury Association (ASIA) score and Scoliosis Research Society (SRS)-22 questionnaire. MATERIAL and METHODS: Twelve patients with posttraumatic paraplegia and severe...

AIM: To ascertain whether the brain stem?s shape differs in patients with syrinx and without syrinx in cases with Chiari malformation Type I (CM-1), relative to healthy controls. MATERIAL and METHODS: Data on marked brainstem regions were obtained from 2D digital image files. Generalized Procruste...

AIM: To investigate neurogenesis in both adult and 3-week-old genetic absence epilepsy rats from Strasbourg (GAERS) to determine if newly formed neurons within the dentate gyrus (DG) form synaptic contacts with GABAergic (gamma aminobutyric acid) and glutamatergic nerve terminals and compared to t...

AIM: To evaluate the duration of hospitalization and the factors that increase this duration in cases treated in the neonatal intensive care unit with the diagnosis of a spinal neural tube defect (NTD). MATERIAL and METHODS: The demographic characteristics, NTD type and level, ventriculoperitoneal...

AIM: An increasing number of biomarkers of primary glioblastoma (GBM) have recently been described. We aimed to investigate the biological and clinical factors that affect survival in Turkish patients with primary GBM. MATERIAL and METHODS: The clinical and demographic data of all patients with pr...

AIM: To assess the feasibility of using an endoscopic-assisted lateral supraorbital (LSO) approach and an endoscopic endonasal transclival approach (EETA) for basilar apex (BAX) aneurysms. MATERIAL and METHODS: Ten cases with LSO approaches, with or without posterior clinoidectomy and endoscopic a...

AIM: To compare two synthetic graft materials, TachoComb®, a fibrin sealant composed of collagen, fibrinogen, thrombin and aprotinin and TissuDura®, a collagen-based biomatrix. MATERIAL and METHODS: Thirty Sprague?Dawley rats were randomly divided into three groups with 10 animals in each group. ...

AIM: To evaluate the role of endoscopic third ventriculostomy (ETV) as a primary or secondary treatment for hydrocephalus and factors affecting ETV success. MATERIAL and METHODS: Pediatric and adult patients with symptomatic hydrocephalus treated with ETV during 11 years (2008?2019) in our clinic...

AIM: To investigate the effects of early surgery on electrocardiographic (ECG) parameters in patients with aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). We compared the parameters from ECGs performed preoperatively and on the 2nd and 8th days after surgery with those of normal individuals. MATERIAL a...

AIM: To find out the anatomical changes in spine and pelvis, and the impact of various breast sizes of women on the quality of life. MATERIAL and METHODS: Sixty women with back pain volunteered to participate in this study. Their body mass index (BMI) was calculated. Clinical evaluation of the pai...

AIM: To examine foramen magnum morphometry and shape of Chiari malformation in comparison with a control group, and to contribute to the literature on whether Chiari malformation affects foramen magnum morphometry. MATERIAL and METHODS: In this study, cranial magnetic resonance images of 71 people...

AIM: To develop a protocol of balloon test occlusion (BTO) to perform single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) only in cases that require it by using mean stump pressure (MSTP). MATERIAL and METHODS: BTO was performed in 52 consecutive patients (derivation group). Using the derivation gr...

AIM: To examine the prevalence of symptomatic lumbar synovial facet cysts in lumbar spinal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of patients who admitted to neurosurgery clinic, retrospectively. Also, we aimed to report the clinic and radiologic outcome of patients with symptomatic spinal synovial cyst...

AIM: To present the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings of a multinodular and vacuolating neuronal tumor (MVNT). MATERIAL and METHODS: The authors identified four patients with MVNT in the hospital between January 2015 and October 2019. Both the clinical and radiological data of the patients...

AIM: To analyze the expression of ADAMTS-1, NF-?B, and STAT3 in human pleomorphic xanthoastrocytoma specimens, and their correlation with glioma advancement. MATERIAL and METHODS: Pleomorphic xanthoastrocytoma tumor cell lines were treated with low and high doses of cytokines at 24 and 48 hours (...

AIM: To analyze the demographic characteristics and surgical outcomes of the largest series of patients with pediatric aneurysms reported in Romania, in consideration of the primary factors that lead to good long-term outcomes. Given that all cases involved ruptured aneurysms, we also investigated...

AIM: To determine the prevalence of a deep vein thrombosis (DVT) in osteoporotic vertebral fractures. MATERIAL and METHODS: Data were retrospectively collected from the medical records of 50 patients who were admitted to the Kameda Medical Center for osteoporotic vertebral fracture from 2019 to 20...

AIM: To evaluate the option of lumbar transpedicular fixation at the index level in patients who did not achieve adequate pain relief after lumbar total disc replacement (TDR) without evidence of device failure. MATERIAL and METHODS: Four patients (mean age, 47 years) presented with persistent low...

AIM: To compare the effect of ultrasound-guided modified thoracolumbar interfascial plane (TLIP) block versus local anesthetic infiltration on the wound site for post-operative analgesia in patients undergoing lumbar disc surgery with spinal anesthesia. MATERIAL and METHODS: This prospective and o...

AIM: To identify the characteristics of patients admitted to the emergency department with intracranial hemorrhages in the era of the COVID-19 pandemic. MATERIAL and METHODS: Seventy-eight patients with spontaneous intracranial bleeding who were admitted to emergency departments and treated in ne...

AIM: To compare the morphometric characteristics of the foramen ovale (FO) and foramen rotundum (FR), and their localization in the middle cranial fossa on the head and neck computed tomography images of patients with trigeminal neuralgia (TN) and asymptomatic individuals. MATERIAL and METHODS: T...

AIM: To investigate the effect of the number of open vertebral segments on the prognosis of newborns with midline closure defects (MCD), and the optimal timing for ventriculoperitoneal shunt (VPS) placement in those with MCD accompanied by hydrocephalus. MATERIAL and METHODS: A total of 63 patient...

AIM: To compare biomechanical results between different polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) augmentation methods on failed lumbar pedicle screw models of animal vertebrae. MATERIAL and METHODS: Thirty lumbar vertebrae were harvested from six calves, and their bone mineral density was measured. 60 Polya...

AIM: To describe a new pedicle screw insertion technique, a modification of the funnel technique, and to compare this technique with conventional freehand screw insertion regarding their accuracy and complications in the thoracic spine. MATERIAL and METHODS: Three hundred forty-three patients who ...

AIM: To quantitatively analyze the contribution of different countries to neurosurgical journals, with emphasis on Turkey. Further, we discuss the factors affecting research productivity and strategies for improvement. MATERIAL and METHODS: Neurosurgical journals were selected from the Journal Cit...

AIM: To create an alternative synthetic dural graft using a parenteral solution bag made of polyvinyl chloride/polypropylene (PVC/ PP). MATERIAL and METHODS: Twenty-two albino rats were divided into the Sham, DC and BAG groups. Except for the Sham group animals, the right parietal bone of the rat...

AIM: To demonstrate the changes in Grade II and III glial tumors after WHO 2016 Brain Tumors Classification. MATERIAL and METHODS: The previous diagnoses and postoperative treatment of the 83 patients were recorded. We used real-time PCR (mutation assay) for the analysis of IDH1 and IDH2, while we...

AIM: To explore the predictive values of serum biochemical markers and apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) on delayed encephalopathy after acute carbon monoxide poisoning (DEACMP). MATERIAL and METHODS: Seventy-nine patients were divided into two groups based on the onset of DEACMP 60 days after ...

AIM: To investigate and compare the therapeutic efficiency and radiographic measurement between the transforaminal approach and interlaminar approach in percutaneous endoscopic discectomy. MATERIAL and METHODS: From January 2017 to January 2018, 86 patients suffering from single lumbar disc hernia...

AIM: To evaluate the usefulness of the rostral line (R-line) as a new index for determining the degree of C2 lamina decompression in the context of ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament (OPLL) extending to the C2 level. MATERIAL and METHODS: The R-line was devised based on the mechan...

AIM: To identify the risk factors for pediatric glioblastomas (GBMs), and to develop an effective prediction model to estimate the survival rate for these patients. MATERIAL and METHODS: Pediatric patients with GBM were extracted from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database. Kapl...

AIM: To analyze certain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) features as well as six major genetic biomarkers, investigated their associations, and evaluated their prognostic roles in glioblastomas (GBMs). MATERIAL and METHODS: Strict criteria included newly diagnosed GBM with optimal treatments. Simp...

AIM: To investigate the genetic etiology of Charcot-Marie-Tooth (CMT) disease or hereditary motor and sensory neuropathy (HMSN). MATERIAL and METHODS: We herein examined 55 non-related patients with a suspicion of CMT phenotype or HMSN using a customized multigene panel based on the next-generatio...

AIM: To study the changes in the distribution of and the transcriptional levels associated with α4- and α7-subtype nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) in the primary somatosensory (S1) and motor (M1) cortices of rats after electrical stimulation of the basal forebrain (BF). MAT...

AIM: To investigate the levels of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in the brain, and its soluble forms, namely sVEGFR1 and sVEGFR2, levels in the plasma of rats after cerebral ischemia. MATERIAL and METHODS: Rats were divided into three groups as follows: Group 1: Sham-operated group, Gro...

AIM: To evaluate the compatibility of medial antebrachial cutaneous nerve of the forearm (MACN) with medial pectoral (MPN) and musculocutaneous (MCN) nerves for the anastomosis from anatomical and histopathologic aspects. MATERIAL and METHODS: Ten brachial plexus specimens from five cadavers were ...

AIM: To determine the incidence of neuropathic pain (NP) in patients with thoracic disc herniation (TDH) and to determine whether there is any correlation between pain severity and herniation grade. MATERIAL and METHODS: A total of 110 patients diagnosed with TDH with chronic non-specific thoracic...

AIM: To evaluate the role of posterior dynamic stabilization (PDS) with kyphoplasty (KP) in the surgical treatment of unstable osteoporotic compression fractures, which are common in the elderly population. MATERIAL and METHODS: This study included 25 patients with osteoporotic compression fractur...

AIM: To present the findings and surgical results of foramen magnum meningioma surgeries performed by the authors. MATERIAL and METHODS: Ten patients operated between 2014 and 2019 were retrospectively analyzed in terms of age, gender, neurological examination, and postoperative status. The female...

AIM: To investigate the preventive effects of systemic honokiol and pentoxifylline treatments on epidural fibrosis (EF) in the experimental laminectomy model. MATERIAL and METHODS: Thirty-two rats were divided into four equal groups. Laminectomy was performed in all rats except for the control gr...

AIM: To evaluate fasciocutaneous flaps used for reconstruction of meningomyelocele defects in our clinic and to suggest an algorithm for flap selection. MATERIAL and METHODS: A retrospective analysis of 45 patients with meningomyelocele, who underwent repair with fasciocutaneous flaps, was carrie...

AIM: To utilize a national surgical quality registry to compare 30-day quality outcomes between repeat anterior cervical discectomy and fusion (ACDF) and cervical disc arthroplasty (CDA). MATERIAL and METHODS: The National Surgical Quality Improvement Project (NSQIP) Participant User Files (PUF) f...

AIM: To present the technical principles of the hydrogen peroxide head preparation method, and to demonstrate the high quality of anatomical studies performed using these specimens, particularly for arachnoid exploration. MATERIAL and METHODS: Five cadaveric heads were set with a 10% formalin solu...

AIM: To determine whether using gabapentin (GBP), especially in the first maternal trimester, would affect the neural tube development of embryos in an early stage chick embryo (ESCE) model. MATERIAL and METHODS: One hundred fertile specific pathogen-free (SPF) chick eggs were used to investigate ...

AIM: To compare the efficiency of distraction and ligamentotaxis in posterior spinal instrumentation of thoracolumbar retropulsed fractures according to the grade of spinal canal compression and fracture levels. MATERIAL and METHODS: This study retrospectively reviewed 56 patients diagnosed with t...

AIM: To look into the clinicopathological characteristics, surgical outcomes, and survival rates of adult patients with medulloblastoma. MATERIAL and METHODS: Adult patients (age>17 years) who had surgery in our clinic with the diagnosis of cerebellar mass between 2009 and 2015 and whose pathologi...

AIM: To evaluate the feasibility and long-term clinical results of combined surgical resection and high-dose methotrexate (HD-MTX) chemotherapy for primary central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL) of the brain. MATERIAL and METHODS: Fifty-eight patients were diagnosed with PCNSL by histopathologica...

AIM: To evaluate diffuse axonal injury (DAI) patients according to DAI stage to identify risk factors that may affect clinical outcome. MATERIAL and METHODS: A total of 992 traumatic brain injury (TBI) patients visited our hospital between 2011 and 2016. Thirtyseven patients diagnosed with DAI wer...

AIM: To describe a deep convolutional generative adversarial networks (DCGAN) model which learns normal brain MRI from normal subjects than finds distortions such as a glioma from a test subject while performing a segmentation at the same time. MATERIAL and METHODS: MRIs of 300 healthy subjects we...

AIM: To investigate the morphology of the lower lumbar intervertebral foramina through using a digital three-dimensional (3D) simulation model to guide the endoscope through the intervertebral foramina. MATERIAL and METHODS: Individuals without disease affecting the lumbar vertebrae underwent comp...

AIM: To develop a scale in Turkish language for evaluating the surgical specialty residents? perceptions of educational climate in the operating room, with an emphasis on learning in the operating suite and planning the relevant change for improved and standardized training. MATERIAL and METHODS:...

AIM: To examine the variations in number, size, and shape of foramina transversaria (FTs) of cervical vertebrae, and to discuss their clinical importance. MATERIAL and METHODS: The FTs of 200 dry cervical vertebrae (C3?C7) from 40 spines were studied for the presence of variations in their number...

AIM: To clarify perfusion differences, and to determine whether children and adults respond similarly to surgical prevention and how brain perfusion stages before surgery predict outcomes in ischaemic moyamoya disease (MMD) in children and adults. MATERIAL and METHODS: A total of 355 patients with...

AIM: To identify the risk factors for aneurysmal intra-procedural rupture (IPR) of intracranial aneurysms suring endovascular treatment, and to discuss its management and outcomes. MATERIAL and METHODS: A total of 106 patients with cerebral aneurysm who have undergone endovascular treatment (EVT) ...

AIM: To compare the diffusion properties of brain metastases as imaging biomarkers in various types of tumours, to determine their histology and origin. MATERIAL and METHODS: Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) and diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) were used to retrospectively study the data of 143 p...

AIM: To compare an antiplatelet-preparation group with a no-preparation group to evaluate the effect of the antiplatelet preparation on procedural thromboembolism during endovascular thrombectomy (EVT) with diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI), retrospectively. MATERIAL and METHODS: From January 2017 ...

AIM: To compare the effects of sevoflurane and propofol anesthesia on perioperative cerebral oxygenation in patients undergoing carotid endarterectomy (CEA) under general anesthesia by using near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) monitoring. MATERIAL and METHODS: Institutional approval was obtained, an...

AIM: To reveal the efficiency of our surgical approach algorithm in patients with thoracolumbar pyogenic spondylodiscitis based on the involvement of anatomical structure. MATERIAL and METHODS: Data of patients who underwent debridement or stabilization surgery for thoracolumbar pyogenic spondylo...

AIM: To histopathologically evaluate and compare bone morphogenetic protein (BMP)-2, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), and vitamin D receptor (VDR) levels in the ligamentum flavum (LF) of patients with lumbar spinal stenosis (LSS) and lumbar disc herniation (LDH). MATERIAL and METHODS: S...

AIM: To investigate and compare the efficacy and safety of vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) therapy in different types of epilepsy. MATERIAL and METHODS: Patients, who were implanted with VNS between the years 2005 and 2020, were retrospectively included in the study. Age, gender, age at seizure onse...

AIM: To compare external ventricular drain-related infection (EVD-RI) rates of two Academic Medical Centers in Turkey and the US in order to determine the key factors. MATERIAL and METHODS: We performed an observational retrospective cohort study to compare the EVD-RI rates between two hospitals ...

AIM: To present a series of medically refractory focal epilepsy patients with multiple or eloquent epileptogenic zones (EZs) in whom a responsive neurostimulation (RNS) system was used as a complementary modality to surgical resection. RNS was also used as a diagnostic tool to monitor long-term ep...

AIM: To develop an approach for atrial application of ventriculoatrial (VA) shunts after revealing the venous anatomy with facial and cervical anatomical dissections. MATERIAL and METHODS: Five cephalic cadavers were used in the study. Facial and cervical regions of the cephalic cadavers were exa...

AIM: To demonstrate the possibility of revision screw placement to the atlas, as well as define the safety zones and orientation angles. MATERIAL and METHODS: This retrospective study analysed the records of four patients who were operated for AAI earlier. Because they needed revision of Atlas sc...

AIM: To evaluate the clinical features, treatment approaches, and outcomes of glial tumors in children. MATERIAL and METHODS: Files (2006 to 2020) of children diagnosed with glial tumors and followed-up were reviewed retrospectively. Information regarding demographic and clinical characteristics, ...

AIM: To discuss seizure outcomes of patients with invasive electroencephalography (EEG) monitorization (IEM) following their epilepsy surgery at our centre. MATERIAL and METHODS: Forty-seven patients suffering from refractory epilepsy and who were evaluated by invasive EEG were included in this r...

AIM: To evaluate the effect of various temperatures and durations of radiofrequency thermocoagulation (RFT) for the treatment of low back pain that is caused by facet joints. MATERIAL and METHODS: This is a randomized controlled, double-blind study. Patients diagnosed with facet syndrome were ran...

AIM: To investigate the safety of combined cranioplasty (CP) and ventriculoperitoneal shunt (VPS) placement. Furthermore, we investigated whether the sequence of these procedures affects the postoperative complication rates associated with staged CP and VPS placement. MATERIAL and METHODS: We ret...

AIM: To analyze the prognostic factors and treatment outcomes of neuroblastoma patients with brain metastasis. MATERIAL and METHODS: The medical records of 7 patients with brain metastasis among 120 neuroblastoma patients treated with radiotherapy between June 2002 and December 2018 at our departm...

AIM: To evaluate the impact of primary decompressive craniectomy (DC) on the functional outcome in patients with post traumatic acute subdural hematoma (SDH). MATERIAL and METHODS: A retrospective cohort analysis of 92 patients with post traumatic acute SDH who underwent primary DC and evacuation...

AIM: To compare endovascular and surgical treatment methods for cerebral aneurysms focusing on mortality. MATERIAL and METHODS: The study included 187 patients who had undergone aneurysm treatment. The patients were divided into four groups according to their treatment modality and subarachnoid he...

AIM: To assess the presence of isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) 1 mutation in glioblastomas using real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), which is the gold standard in the diagnosis of IDH1 mutation; by immunohistochemistry (IHC), which is available in most of the pathology laboratories; and b...

AIM: To determine the relationship between the occurrence of lumbar L4-5 disc herniation (LDH) and the size of psoas muscles. MATERIAL and METHODS: The cross-sectional areas (CSAs) of the psoas muscles were measured at the L4-5 disc level on axial MRI of patients with LDH who were admitted to the ...

AIM: To study the operative approaches for posterior inferior cerebellar artery (PICA) aneurysms or understanding the different pathologies that can affect this artery, and to present detailed knowledge of this artery?s anatomy. MATERIAL and METHODS: The present study analyzed the different variat...

AIM: To evaluate the efficacy of human adipose-derived stem cells (h-ADSCs) in spinal fusion in an osteoporotic rat model. MATERIAL and METHODS: Female Sprague-Dawley rats (n=40) underwent ovariectomy and were then randomly assigned into two groups: ovariectomy (OVX) (OVX + fusion) and h-ADSCs (OV...

AIM: To evaluate the preoperative and postoperative clinical and radiological findings of patients treated surgically for cervical spondylosis. MATERIAL and METHODS: The patients included in the study (n=32) were divided into three groups according to their preferred surgical approach. These surg...

AIM: To present a series of hydrocephalus cases treated with different endoscopic techniques, and to compare their surgical outcomes. MATERIAL and METHODS: Sixty-one patients underwent endoscopic approach for treating hydrocephalus over a 5-year period. Forty-six patients were children. Three sur...

AIM: To describe a surgical technique for removal of hematomas in the third ventricle in patients with high-grade aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) and report our intraoperative observations and surgical and clinical outcomes. MATERIAL and METHODS: Ninety-four patients with high-grade aneur...

AIM: To assess interrater and intrarater reliability of postoperative plain radiographs, which are routinely performed to confirm the correct placement of the catheter tip after intrathecal drug delivery systems (IDDS) implantation. MATERIAL and METHODS: This was a retrospective analysis of plain ...

AIM: To evaluate whether adding an extra anchoring point to the construct by passing the crosslink through a hole in the spinous process (trans-spinous crosslink technique), may prevent screw loosening by increasing the pull-out strength. MATERIAL and METHODS: Twenty-four fresh-frozen single lumba...

AIM: To see how thyroxine affects the sensory and motor function of a damaged sciatic nerve in male rats. MATERIAL and METHODS: Forty adult male Wistar rats were allocated to four groups, 10 individuals each. Then, crush injury was done on the right sciatic nerve in all the groups using a vessel c...

AIM: To investigate whether fourth ventricle dimensions and tentorial angulation differ in a healthy control population in our evaluation of patients with CM-1 malformation using MRI. MATERIAL and METHODS: The radiological and demographic data from 251 patients with CM-1 followed in our clinic bet...

AIM: To evaluate changes in the Evans? index (EI) and callosal angle (CA) in patients who underwent lumboperitoneal (LP) shunting for idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus (INPH) and whose symptoms improved post-operatively. MATERIAL and METHODS: We retrospectively analysed patients who were cl...

AIM: To report on the endoscopic endonasal pituitary hemi-rotation approach (EPHRA) in a preclinical setting and in a preliminary clinical experience. MATERIAL and METHODS: EPHRA was performed in five fresh-frozen head and neck specimens (a total of 10 sides) and in a selected case of a right-sid...

AIM: To share the experience regarding management and follow-up of patients with Pregnancy- and lactation-related osteoporosis (PLRO) who were effectively treated. MATERIAL and METHODS: This case series presented 10 patients diagnosed with PLRO and treated from January 2010 to December 2019. Visu...

AIM: To demonstrate the feasibility of stent application to the third ventricular floor during endoscopic third ventriculostomy (ETV). MATERIAL and METHODS: We performed the ETV procedure on four fresh cadavers not exposed to head trauma. The neuroendoscope was introduced into the third ventricle ...

AIM: To study the relationship between temozolomide (TMZ) chemotherapy-resistant cells and stem cells in gliomas. MATERIAL and METHODS: The U251 glioma cell line was exposed to TMZ to generate TMZ-resistant colonies (U251/TMZ cell line) using the pulse drug method. The TMZ sensitivity of U251/TMZ ...

AIM: To analyze the clinical characteristics of thoracic ossified ligamentum flavum (OLF) and clarify prognostic factors. MATERIAL and METHODS: We retrospectively collected clinical data from the medical records of 29 patients who underwent decompressive surgery for myelopathy caused by thoracic O...

AIM: To evaluate the extrinsic dorsal venous pattern of spinal cord at the thoracolumbar level hypothesizing that any variant of these intrathecal venous pattern as probable factor for post lumbar pucture hemorrhagic complications. MATERIAL and METHODS: In a tertiary teaching institution, 25 adult...

AIM: To investigate the effects of midazolam (MDZ) and thiopental on neonatal and adult rat brains. MATERIAL and METHODS: The study included adult and 7-day-old rats that were administered 9 mg/kg of MDZ, 60 mg/kg of thiopental, or both. The Bax, procaspase-3, and caspase-3 levels were assessed us...

AIM: To present one of the largest retrospective cavernoma related epilepsy (CRE) studies which include divergent supratentorial locations operated and followed up at least 2 years. We also investigated the factors affecting the seizure outcome. MATERIAL and METHODS: This study includes a total of...

AIM: To evaluate the effects of factors, which are associated with carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) prevalence, on disease severity. MATERIAL and METHODS: This retrospective study included 206 patients who were treated surgically for either moderate or severe CTS. Patients were grouped into moderate a...

AIM: To investigate the effects of subthalamic deep brain stimulation (STN DBS) therapy on sleep quality of Parkinson?s Disease (PD) patients and the relationship between sleep, motor symptoms, depression, and adverse effects of dopamine replacement therapies. MATERIAL and METHODS: A total of 26 ...

AIM: To present the quantitative development of the geniculate ganglion (GG) in foetal cadavers. MATERIAL and METHODS: This study focused on 60 temporal bones of 30 (15 female and 15 male) foetuses aged 18?30 weeks of gestation (mean age, 22.83 ± 3.49 weeks) to measure the length, width and area o...

AIM: To evaluate the effects of dexamethasone (Dex) treatment on neural crest cells and primary and secondary neurulation in chick embryos. MATERIAL and METHODS: Sixty fertilized eggs with an average weight of 65 ± 2 g were incubated in 60%?70% humidity at 37.2°C ± 0.1°C. After 26 hours of incuba...

AIM: To investigate the supplementation of alpha-lipoic acid (ALA) at the molecular level to determine its effect on primary cell cultures prepared from human intervertebral disc (IVD) tissue in an in vitro environment. MATERIAL and METHODS: Human primary cell cultures were prepared from IVD tissu...

AIM: To compare gene expression profiles between atypical meningiomas and normal meninges from the National Center of Biotechnology Information (NCBI) Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database to identify key genes and pathways. MATERIAL and METHODS: The microarray datasets GSE43290 and GSE16581 were...

AIM: To compare preoperative and postoperative sexual dysfunction in male patients diagnosed with lumbar disc herniation (LDH). MATERIAL and METHODS: This study was conducted in a single group with a pretest?posttest design. The sample included 32 male patients with LDH admitted to the neurosurger...

AIM: To examine the postoperative outcomes of electrode fixation using bone cement and Stimloc® in patients with Parkinson?s disease (PD) who underwent subthalamic nucleus (STN) deep brain stimulation (DBS). MATERIAL and METHODS: Between 2016 and 2018, permanent electrode fixation was performed in...

AIM: To present an early warning system (EWS) that employs a supervised machine learning algorithm for the rapid detection of extra-axial hematomas (EAHs) in an emergency trauma setting. MATERIAL and METHODS: A total of 150 sets of cranial computed tomography (CT) scans were used in this study wit...

AIM: To reveal the reliability and validity of the Turkish Lumbar Spine Instability Questionnaire for evaluating patients with lumbar instability and low back pain. MATERIAL and METHODS: A total of 100 patients with low back pain participated in the study. Test-retest and internal consistency ana...

AIM: To determine the rate of postoperative complications following surgery for Scheuermann?s kyphosis (SK) and ascertain whether restoration to an ideal Roussouly spine type reduced the incidence of postoperative proximal junctional kyphosis (PJK). MATERIAL and METHODS: We retrospectively screene...

AIM: To observe the effects of prone position extubation on respiratory side effects and hemodynamic parameters in patients who underwent lumbar spinal surgery. MATERIAL and METHODS: This prospective observational study included 60 patients extubated in either the prone (n=30) or supine (n=30) po...

AIM: To investigate the spatiotemporal dynamics of early cerebral blood flow (CBF) changes, cerebrovascular reactivity (CVR), and vascular responses to cortical spreading depolarization (CSD) in an experimental mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) model with laser speckle contrast imaging (LSCI) tec...

AIM: To evaluate isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) mutation status and Ki67 percentages of tumors that were treated in our institution to determine whether these markers affected the initial diagnosis and survival rates. MATERIAL and METHODS: High-grade glioma patients, who were operated in our depar...

AIM: To study the effect of lesion of the ventral tegmental area (VTA) on food intake, water intake, alcohol consumption, and alcohol preference in the post-lesion period. MATERIAL and METHODS: A group of 38 young adult healthy male Wistar albino rats was included in this experiment. The groups o...

AIM: To assess the real challenges faced by neurosurgery residents in developing countries with limited resources and massive workload. MATERIAL and METHODS: This is a cross-sectional study based on the questionnaire filled by the neurosurgery trainees in Pakistan directed at their training, stre...

AIM: To analyze the most-cited articles on cranial and spinal epidural hematomas (EDHs). MATERIAL and METHODS: A title-specific search was performed on the Scopus database using the term ?epidural hematoma? in June 2020, with no publication date restrictions. The top 100 most-cited articles were c...

AIM: To investigate the co-occurrence of the arcuate foramen (AF) variation of atlas and intracranial vertebral artery (V4) hypoplasia and, therefore, to understand the pathophysiology of Barré-Lièou syndrome (BLS). The AF localizes on the vertebral artery (VA) sulcus posterior to the atlas and ha...

AIM: To review both the surgical-related, and hardware-related adverse effects of deep brain stimulation (DBS) in a single center over the last five years. MATERIAL and METHODS: All patients who underwent DBS electrode implantation at the Akdeniz University Hospital during the last five years par...

AIM: To investigate the protective role of Hippophae rhamnoides L. (Sea buckthorn, SBT) in cold plus immobilization stress-induced oxidative and nitrosative stress in rats. MATERIAL and METHODS: Thirty-two Wistar albino rats were randomly divided into four groups: control (i.p. physiological salin...

AIM: To reevaluate the medulloblastoma cases according to histomorphological and molecular features, and to investigate the relationship between the prognostic factors of the new WHO classification by applying Beta-catenin, YAP1, GAP1, p53, and INI1 antibodies immunohistochemically. MATERIAL and ...

AIM: To describe a new, minimally invasive, and safe access to foramen rotundum via the endoscopic endonasal trans-sinusoidal route for trigeminal nerve blockage. MATERIAL and METHODS: We studied 5 fresh cadavers bilaterally, and 10 pterygopalatine fossae and maxillary nerves using the endoscopic...

AIM: To introduce, and to evaluate the efficacy of the trans-superior articular process (trans-SAP) approach utilizing visual trephine in percutaneous endoscopic transforaminal lumbar discectomy (PETLD) for migrated lumbar disc herniation. MATERIAL and METHODS: This study included 98 patients, 50 ...

AIM: To evaluate the impact of carnosine on Purkinje neurons in rats exposed to a 900 Mhz electromagnetic field. MATERIAL and METHODS: This study evaluated 24 rats divided into the following three different groups: a control group, a group exposed to the electromagnetic field, and a group that was...

AIM: To report the clinical outcomes of microdiscectomy (MD) and endoscope assisted discectomy (EAD) techniques via the posterior approach in patients with cervical disc herniations (CDHs). MATERIAL and METHODS: The data were obtained from retrospective review of the patient?s charts and the lates...

AIM: To investigate the pullout strength of a pedicle screw reinserted through the same trajectory MATERIAL and METHODS: Fifty freshly frozen lamb L4 vertebrae were divided into the following five groups: Group 1, inserted with a 5-mm pedicle screw; Group 2, inserted with a 5-mm pedicle screw foll...

AIM: To explain the association between vertebral body hypoplasia and degenerative changes in the discovertebral complex and facet joints, and to assess the incidence of hypoplasia of the vertebral body at the L5 level. MATERIAL and METHODS: A retrospective analysis was made of 3,100 patients aged...

AIM: To propose a treatment algorithm, and to assess spinal instability in patients diagnosed with spinal lymphoma. MATERIAL and METHODS: Demographics, symptoms, tumor level and location, and presence of spinal instability were reviewed in 22 patients with spinal lymphomas. Each patient's neurolog...

AIM: To determine the clinical value of anocutaneous reflex (AR) in children with neurogenic bladder due to spina bifida (SB). MATERIAL and METHODS: Patients who were diagnosed with SB were prospectively evaluated; moreover, AR and bulbocavernous reflex were examined. Patients were divided into th...

AIM: To compare and analyze the effects of cranial suture reconstruction and frontal frame retraction for surgical treatment of premature closure of the sagittal suture. MATERIAL and METHODS: Infants with premature closure of the sagittal suture were included in this study. All infants underwent ...

AIM: To validate a new particulate embolization method using degradable starch microspheres (DSM) and intraarterial exogenous amylase administration, which allow for regulated temporary cerebral arterial embolization without compromising tissue perfusion. MATERIAL and METHODS: Twenty-four male New...

AIM: To compare the perioperative outcomes between single-day combined or separate-day staged surgeries for cervical spinal stenosis. MATERIAL and METHODS: A retrospective cohort analysis was conducted on consecutive patients admitted at a single institution between July 2015 and April 2019, who ...

AIM: To evaluate the effects of favipiravir (FVP) on cell viability and cytotoxicity in human degenerated primary intervertebral disc (IVD) tissue cell cultures. Furthermore, the protein expressions of hypoxia-inducible factor 1 alpha (HIF-1α), nuclear factor-kappa-b (NF-κB), and inter...

AIM: To analyze and to compare the factors that influence the recurrence of chronic subdural hematoma (CSDH) among patients treated with subdural non-suction-assisted passive drainage, subgaleal suction-assisted active drainage, and without drainage. MATERIAL and METHODS: We retrospectively evalua...

AIM: To report our experience of mechanical thrombectomy using the SOFIATM catheter, in terms of its effectivenessicacy and safety. MATERIAL and METHODS: Acute ischemic stroke patients with large vessel occlusions who underwent mechanical thrombectomy, with the SOFIATM aspiration catheter as the f...

AIM: To investigate the importance of elbow 3D computed tomography in surgical planning when deciding on the treatment surgical treatment method of the ulnar nerve entrapment in the cubital tunnel. MATERIAL and METHODS: In this study, 21 patients with cubital tunnel syndrome in our clinic were inc...

AIM: To investigate the histological and biochemical neuroprotective effects of secukinumab (SEC) on cerebral ischemia-reperfusion (IR) injury in Sprague-Dawley male rats. MATERIAL and METHODS: A total of 28 Sprague-Dawley male rats were randomly and equally divided into the following four groups...

AIM: To compare, and to analyze the effects of cranial suture reconstruction and frontal bone reconstruction in the operation of premature closure of the sagittal suture in infants. MATERIAL and METHODS: A total of 35 infants with simple premature closure of frontal suture were divided into the ex...

AIM: To compare lateral (direct [DLIF] or oblique [OLIF]) and posterior (posterior [PLIF] or transforaminal [TLIF]) lumbar interbody fusion results in patients with the same indication of discogenic low back pain. MATERIAL and METHODS: We enrolled 46 patients who underwent single-level DLIF/OLIF o...

AIM: To evaluate the clinical processes of patients with cervical postlaminectomy kyphosis (PLK) who underwent standalone posterior pedicle screw fixation surgery. MATERIAL and METHODS: The results of 21 patients with cervical PLK treated using the pedicle screw method between 2015 and 2018 were ...

AIM: To investigate the effects of deep brain stimulation (DBS) of the subthalamic nucleus (STN) on acoustic characteristics of voice production in Turkish patients with Parkinson's disease (PD). MATERIAL and METHODS: This study recruited 20 patients diagnosed with PD. Voice samples were recorded ...

AIM: To examine the screening value of the serum level of interleukin-1β (IL-1β) in aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH), and to evaluate its association with the severity of initial bleeding. MATERIAL and METHODS: This case-control study was performed in Namazi Hospital, affiliated ...

AIM: To identify a novel material with biomechanical properties identical to the nucleus pulposus in the lumbar vertebrae of goats for use in intervertebral disc herniation surgery. MATERIAL and METHODS: In this laboratory-based experimental study, the silicone rubber material test group consisted...

AIM: To investigate the angiogenic effects of bevacizumab and imatinib on different meningioma tissue grades. MATERIAL and METHODS: In this study, in silico analysis of angiogenesis-related gene expression was carried out using previously reported datasets. Messenger ribonucleic acid expressions o...

AIM: To examine whether there was an improvement in the displaced fracture line in the follow-up, in which Anterior odontoid screw fixation (AOSF) was performed without manipulation and to determine the "displacement angle range" in which AOSF was possible. MATERIAL and METHODS: A total of 11 pati...

AIM: To evaluate the patients who had epilepsy surgery and pathologically proven focal cortical dysplasia (FCD) in order to further classify and discuss electroencephalography (EEG) findings in different pathological subtypes. MATERIAL and METHODS: This study included 19 refractory epilepsy patien...

AIM: To define a novel autologous bone graft insertion technique, and to evaluate its effects on bone fusion in patients with lumbar stenosis who underwent laminoplasty. MATERIAL and METHODS: Fifty-six patients and 142 vertebrae that underwent autologous bone graft insertion technique between 200...

AIM: To investigate the current practice of neurosurgeons and their perception of complications related to the securement of external drainage (ED) to the skin. MATERIAL and METHODS: We created a 24-points English language questionnaire on Google Forms covering the five main domains of care. The ...

AIM: To explore the ability of dynamic susceptibility contrast perfusion imaging (DSC-PI) to detect isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) gene mutation in gliomas. MATERIAL and METHODS: Preoperative DSC-PI data on histopathologically proven gliomas obtained between January 2015 and December 2019 were re...

AIM: To determine the effects of physical therapy and exercise programs that was performed after anterior cervical discectomy and fusion (ACDF) surgery on patient?s pain treatment, a retrospective study was designed. MATERIAL and METHODS: Of the 127 patients without neurological deficit who underw...

AIM: To discuss four different materials that are frequently used in cranioplasty, and to reveal their advantages and disadvantages. MATERIAL and METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed 85 of our cranioplasty surgeries between 2016 and 2019. Reconstruction surgeries were excluded from our study due t...

AIM: To conduct an animal experimental study to evaluate the safety and efficacy of the compression-resistant matrix (CRM) carrier for recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2 (rhBMP-2) in osteogenesis. MATERIAL and METHODS: New moldable CRM carrier, and with rhBMP-2 (new CRM carrier with rh...

AIM: To determine expression levels of miRNA-582-5p and miRNA-363 in serum of patients with Glioblastoma Multiforme and assess their biomarker potential. MATERIAL and METHODS: The study population consisted of 71 subjects including 35 patients and 36 healthy controls. Realtime polymerase chain re...

AIM: To describe a novel surgical approach to decrease the complication and recurrence rates of medulloblastomas. MATERIAL and METHODS: A retrospective review was performed. The novel technique was performed under similar conditions for all patients. The technique involved early intra-operative id...

AIM: To evaluate the bilateral vertical bipedicled procedure for the closure of large meningomyelocele defects and to emphasise some technical and clinical considerations. MATERIAL and METHODS: This procedure was used to close large meningomyelocele defects in ten patients (six males and four fem...

AIM: To investigate the suppression of aquaporin-4 (AQP4) synthesis through intracerebroventricular (i.c.v.) injection of antisense oligonucleotide after focal cortical contusion injury in mice. MATERIAL and METHODS: This study used 12-week-old female Swiss albino mice (weight, 20-25 g) to create ...

AIM: To investigate the effects of necrostatin-1 (NEC-1) on subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH)-induced vasospasm in a rat model. MATERIAL and METHODS: A total of 59 male Wistar albino rats were randomly divided into six groups: control (group 1), sham (group 2), decapitation one hour after SAH (group 3...

AIM: To reveal the relation between postdiscectomy syndrome and foraminal stenosis due to height loss of disc level in patients operated for one-sided L5-S1 disc herniation. MATERIAL and METHODS: In this study, 100 operated patients due to L5-S1 one-sided disc herniation were included. Mean age w...

AIM: To investigate the regenerative potential and long-term functional effects of uridine treatment in a rat model of sciatic nerve injury. MATERIAL and METHODS: Male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomized to receive sham surgery plus saline (Sham group), right sciatic nerve transection and primary...

AIM: To examine the relationship between the morphologic features of the internal carotid artery (ICA) and symptoms affecting cerebral blood circulation including type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and hypertension (HT). MATERIAL and METHODS: In this study, retrospective morphometric analysis of ICA ...

AIM: To evaluate the parameters that affect bone retropulsion and restoration in patients with thoracolumbar junction (TLJ) vertebral compression fractures (VCF) without neurological deficits who underwent balloon kyphoplasty (BKP). MATERIAL and METHODS: Thirty-one of Frankel E and Arbeitsgemeinsc...

AIM: To determine the prevalence, location, and dimensions of interthalamic adhesions (ITAs) in Indian brains. MATERIAL and METHODS: We examined 100 human brains [50 cadaveric and 50 magnetic resonance (MR) images] in the midsagittal plane for the presence or absence of ITAs, their location in the...

AIM: To evaluate the surgical experience of the senior neurosurgeon to define the lesion, radiology, and technique-related factors that affect the diagnostic yield and complications, along with the literature review. MATERIAL and METHODS: Documents were examined for consecutively performed frame-b...

AIM: To reveal the roles of CXCL13 and miR-186-5p in a rat model (adult male Sprague-Dawley rats, 7?8 weeks old, 180?200 g) of trigeminal neuralgia (TN) established via chronic constriction injury of the infraorbital nerve (ION-CCI). MATERIAL and METHODS: The results of behavioural tests and the e...

AIM: To investigate the recurrence rate of atypical meningiomas after surgery (with or without adjuvant radiotherapy), and to determine which factors were related with recurrence. MATERIAL and METHODS: Data obtained from 83 patients who underwent surgery and histopathologically diagnosed with aty...

AIM: To assess the current situation in Greece regarding medical liability in neurosurgery, the involvement of anaesthetists in court decisions, the impact of court cases and decisions, the time taken to reach a final decision, and the relationship between these issues and judicial results. MATER...

AIM: To examine a series of surgically treated spinal arachnoid cysts in light of the literature. MATERIAL and METHODS: This was a retrospective study of patients treated in the Istanbul Umraniye Training and Research Hospital Neurosurgery Clinic. A total of 18 patients with spinal arachnoid cysts...

AIM: To evaluate normal pressure hydrocephalus (NPH) patients who admitted to clinic with a walking disability, depressed mood, cognitive dysfunction, and compromised quality of life in order to create a system for minimizing misdiagnosis, and inaccurate treatment of NPH at the first instance. MA...

AIM: To evaluate the effect of early myelotomy on glutamate concentrations in injured spinal cord tissue with a weight drop spinal cord injury rat model. MATERIAL and METHODS: The rats were assigned randomly to one of four groups, as follows: in group I, rats underwent laminectomy; group II, myel...

AIM: To introduce a new mathematical formula to predict sagittal vertical axis (SVA) changes after lumbar pedicle subtraction osteotomy (PSO). MATERIAL and METHODS: This cross-sectional study included 43 patients. Lateral full spinal radiographs were exported from Picture Archiving and Communicat...

AIM: To investigate in detail the innervation patterns of the psoas major and iliacus muscles in fetal cadavers. MATERIAL and METHODS: The innervation patterns of 94 psoas major and 94 iliacus muscles belonging to 47 fetuses (28 males, 19 females) aged between the 18th-40th gestational weeks in th...

AIM: To identify subgroups of cases with ventriculomegaly who will benefit from the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) diversion procedures, n patients with post-traumatic hydrocephalus (PTH), and to identify the risk factors for its development to minimize its occurrence. MATERIAL and METHODS: We analyzed...

AIM: To investigate the changes in type II neuregulin-1 (NRG-1) during the regeneration process following autologous sciatic nerve transplantation in rats. MATERIAL and METHODS: In total, 40 healthy male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats of clean grade with body weights between 250 g and 300 g were random...

AIM: To evaluate the efficiency of two models for prognostication of patients with isolated traumatic brain injury. MATERIAL and METHODS: The models developed with the data of the patients who applied within ten years were subjected to internal validation with the data of the patients who applied w...

AIM: To explore the surgical approach, technique and clinical effect of treating basilar bifurcation aneurysms. MATERIAL and METHODS: The clinical data of basilar bifurcation aneurysms treated by neuro-microsurgery are retrospectively analyzed in from September 2013 to September 2018. The aneurysms...

AIM: To explore the extent to which LNC01296 inhibits the miRNA-29c expansion genes Birc2 and Bak1 from causing damage induced by brain expansion and reimplantation. MATERIAL and METHODS: A total of 120 adult male experimental rats were divided to verify the effects of miRNA-29c and LNC01296 on b...

AIM: To illustrate the role of CBX8 -a protein involved in protein metabolism and chromatin regulation/acetylation- in glioma cells, especially in DNA damage repair pathways. MATERIAL and METHODS: Detect CBX8 expression in glioma cells and clinical samples by qPCR and Western blot. Overexpression ...

AIM: To design a practical, low-cost, and freely mobile training model for biportal endoscopic spine surgery to improve the surgeons? abilities in basic endoscopic skills, including triangulation, two-dimensional visualization, and one-handed control of the instruments. MATERIAL and METHODS: The tr...

AIM: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of combined transforaminal anterior epidural steroid injection (TAESI) and dorsal root ganglion pulsed radiofrequency (DRG-PRF) therapy on the radicular neck pain. MATERIAL and METHODS: The results of 84 patients with cervical radicular pain who underwent c...

AIM: To describe, and to evaluate the clinical and radiological characteristics of pediatric cavernous malformations (CMs) and the surgical approaches and their outcomes in a single center. MATERIAL and METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed pediatric patients with CMs that were treated in our cente...

AIM: To investigate the possible reasons of failed conservative treatment of osteoporotic thoracolumbar vertebral compression fractures (VCFs). Sagittal balance impairment may weaken union by increasing the load on the fracture line. Most osteoporotic vertebral fractures occur in the thoracolumbar...

AIM: To explore the efficacy and possible mechanisms of Low-intensity focused ultrasound (LIFU) in alleviating spasticity caused by Spinal cord injury (SCI). MATERIAL and METHODS: We selected male Sprague?Dawley rats as subjects and performed transverse injuries on the T9 vertebra of their spinal...

AIM: To detect the silent pulmonary thromboembolism (SPTE) frequency in patients who underwent craniotomy for a brain tumor, and to examine the correlation based on the data obtained from patients. MATERIAL and METHODS: Overall, 100 patients with brain tumors were included in the study. The mean a...

AIM: To assess the role of topical administration of tranexamic acid (TXA) on intraoperative and postoperative blood loss of patients undergoing posterior cervical laminectomy and lateral mass screw ?xation (PCLF) compared to a control group. MATERIAL and METHODS: The data of 88 patients that unde...

AIM: To evaluate the preoperative, operative, and postoperative outcomes of young and adult patients who underwent surgery for temporal lobe epilepsy related to hippocampal sclerosis (TLE-HS). MATERIAL and METHODS: This retrospective study assessed prospectively registered data collected from 2010...

AIM: To uncover factors that can predict the development of C5 palsy before surgery by evaluating several different parameters. MATERIAL and METHODS: A total of 177 patients who underwent surgery between 2015 and 2020 were included in the study. In total, C5 palsy was observed in 22 (12.4%) of our...

AIM: To investigate the importance of thoracic kyphosis (TK) for treatment preference in patients with Lenke Type 5C adolescent idiopathic scoliosis by comparing radiological outcomes of the patients who underwent selective fusion (SF) or nonselective fusion (NSF). MATERIAL and METHODS: Twenty-ni...

AIM: To investigate the surgical value of MER recordings and improve surgical technique by demonstrating the consistency between preoperative radiological STN volume and intraoperative neurophysiological STN length. MATERIAL and METHODS: Sixty-one patients with PD were enrolled. The volumes of the...

AIM: To investigate the predictive role of thiol/ disulfide homeostasis and Ischemia-modified albumin (IMA) levels for NTDs. MATERIAL and METHODS: A total of 71 pregnant women (31 with NTD and 42 healthy controls) were enrolled in this study. This prospective case-control study included pregnant w...

AIM: To compare the posterior cranial fossa (PCF) dimensions together with the measurements related to basilar invagination and platybasia of craniovertebral junction anomalies (CVJA) in CVJA (+) and CVJA (-) Chiari malformation Type 1 (CM1) patient groups with each other and with healthy control ...

AIM: To investigate the effects of a lumbar exercise program after single-level lumbar microdiscectomy on the recurrence of lumbar disc diseases. MATERIAL and METHODS: Between 2018 and 2021, 223 patients (104 women, 119 men, median age: 49 years) who received their first corrective surgery for lu...

AIM: To investigate the effect of vertebral artery stenosis (VAS) on the basilar artery tortuosity. MATERIAL and METHODS: A total of 158 patients (101 males; 57 females) were divided into two main groups depending on existence of the in the vertebral artery (VA). Then, these groups were divided in...

AIM: To investigate the efficacy of locally applied batimastat after laminectomy in preventing postoperative epidural fibrosis. MATERIAL and METHODS: Thirty-two Wistar albino male rats weighing 200?250 g were used. The rats were assigned to four different groups (I-Control group, II-sham group, II...

AIM: To investigate the prevalence and type of ponticulus posticus (PP) and ponticulus lateralis (PL) in the Chinese population by analyzing computed tomography (CT) scans, and to uncover the pathogenesis of PP and PL. MATERIAL and METHODS: A total of 4,047 cases were included in this study. We ev...

AIM: To perform an accurate primary repair of temporal bone defects. MATERIAL and METHODS: The temporal bone defect models were performed in beagles. Extended estimated patches of the defects were predesigned by 3D reconstruction software and molded from polyether ether ketone (PEEK) using a lathe...

AIM: To compare the clinical outcomes of Target 360 nano (TG) and Microplex hypersoft 3D (MH) used as a finishing coil (FC). MATERIAL and METHODS: From January 2018 to December 2020, we retrospectively reviewed 243 coil embolization procedures performed using TG (n=152) and MH (n=91) coils of 1mm ...

AIM: To evaluate the technical aspects of the Da Vinci Xi Surgical System in minimally invasive extreme lateral lumbar interbody fusion (XLIF) surgery in a swine model. MATERIAL and METHODS: Endoscopic discectomy and XLIF cage insertion were performed using a robot-assisted system. The time taken...

AIM: To show the effectiveness of minimally invasive surgery with external ventricular drainage systems (EVDS) in the treatment of chronic subdural hematomas by comparing with it with classic surgery with closed drainage system (CDS) with intracranial hematoma volume measurements and predict infec...

AIM: To elucidate the molecular mechanism underlying the repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) -induced improvement in Parkinson?s disease (PD). MATERIAL and METHODS: We established a PD model by administering 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine to SAMP8 mice. The mice were...

AIM: To present the configuration of the tentorial venous sinuses, and to determine the optimal incision zone on the tentorium cerebelli. MATERIAL and METHODS: This study has been completed with 24 autopsied cadavers. For every cadaver, firstly, supratentorial tissues were removed and tentorial m...

AIM: To elucidate the prognosis, frequency, and diverse nature of pathologies for calvarial tumors among different age groups. MATERIAL and METHODS: Seventy-six patients who underwent surgery for calvarial lesions between January 2007 and March 2021 are included in this study. Clinical data obtain...

AIM: To investigate the preoperative and postoperative differences in the upper-body and spinal shapes of patients with scoliosis. MATERIAL and METHODS: Digitized two-dimensional X-ray images were used to obtain the shapes of the upper-body and spine. The preoperative and postoperative mean shapes...

AIM: To demonstrate the curative effect of digoxin on peripheral nerve damage with its anti-inflammatory role on interleukin (IL)-17. MATERIAL and METHODS: The study was conducted with 30 male Sprague Dawley albino mature rats, of which 10 formed the control group, 10 were surgically treated and a...

AIM: To assess anterior gradient protein 2 (AGR2) gene expression in patients with human glioblastoma (GBM) in comparison to levels in healthy brain tissues. MATERIAL and METHODS: We evaluated the expression levels of AGR2 gene in 34 tissue samples: 29 of them were derived from patients with glio...

AIM: To determine the limits, to show the effect of tumor consistency on resection rates and to present the sinonasal morbidity rate in patients with tuberculum sellae meningiomas who underwent endoscopic endonasal approach. MATERIAL and METHODS: We reviewed the medical data, radiological images, ...

AIM: To evaluate the effectiveness of intraventricular injection of rt-PA (Actilyse®) in patients with spontaneous intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH) who had undergone external ventricular drainage (EVD). MATERIAL and METHODS: This randomized clinical trial recruited 60 patients with spontaneous IV...

AIM: To retrospectively evaluate the relationships between morphometric measurements in craniovertebral junction, and the possible genetic basis of the disease in Chiari 1 malformation patients undergoing surgical treatment. MATERIAL and METHODS: We included patients who underwent surgical treatme...

AIM: To examine the effect of adiponectin administration on acute brain injury in an experimental model of cerebral ischemia/ reperfusion (I/R) in rats. MATERIAL and METHODS: The study animals were divided into the following four groups: group I, sham (did not undergo surgical intervention and di...

AIM: To describe in detail the gross anatomy of the superficial temporal artery (STA), its course and branches, its relationships with the branches of the facial nerve, and certain anatomical and surgical landmarks to preserve these structures in daily neurosurgical practice, and to use the STA du...

AIM: To present our experience on intracranial infections, and to determine the possible locations as well as the risk factors for surgical treatment. MATERIAL and METHODS: Over 13 years, 103 patients with intracranial infection underwent surgical evacuation. Seventy-one (68.9%) patients were men...

AIM: To investigate the effect of multilevel transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion (TLIF) procedures in lumbar degenerative spine conditions on the restoration of lumbar lordosis (LL) in patients with short- and long-level fusion, and to examine the associated radiological results. MATERIAL and ...

AIM: To investigate the demographic, clinical and radiological findings associated with treatment success after interlaminar epidural steroid injection (ILESI) in radicular pain induced by cervical disc herniation. MATERIAL and METHODS: In this retrospective study, the data of patients who receive...

AIM: To evaluate the effectiveness and outcomes of unilateral dynamic stabilization in patients with recurrent lumbar disc herniation (RLDH). MATERIAL and METHODS: Patients requiring an operation due to RLDH at the L4?5 level were included in the study.They divided into the following two groups: ...

AIM: To compare the efficacy of neuroendoscopic lavage (NEL) and shunt revision (SR) in the treatment of multiple shunt failures in children with hydrocephalus. MATERIAL and METHODS: The data of 56 pediatric patients who underwent surgeries for the treatment of shunt failure were retrospectively ...

AIM: To establish, and validate a practical nomogram to predict recurrence of chronic subdural hematoma (CSDH) in patients after initial burr-hole surgery. MATERIAL and METHODS: The prediction model was developed from a training set of 272 patients with CSDH who had undergone standard burr hole w...

AIM: To outline the variations in morphology and a few clinically relevant morphometric parameters of the sacral hiatus. MATERIAL and METHODS: The study included 50 dry human sacra, of unspecified sex, in the Department of Anatomy at a medical college in South India. The sex was determined using t...

AIM: To investigate the effect of fluid resuscitation and L-arginine administration on oxidant status markers, blood gases, lactate and apoptosis in the brain tissue of a rat model of TBI with hemorrhagic shock. MATERIAL and METHODS: A total of 60 rats were divided into six groups: control, isoton...

AIM: To investigate the outcomes of the simultaneous closure of bilateral cranial defects using custom-made three-dimensional (3D) titanium implants. MATERIAL and METHODS: Demographic data of 26 patients with bilateral cranial defects who underwent cranioplasty using the 3D custom-made titanium i...

AIM: To determine caregivers? impressions of the impact of STN-DBS on motor and non-motor symptoms of Parkinson?s disease (PD) in patients who underwent subthalamic nucleus deep brain stimulation (STN-DBS), evaluate the relationship of these changes with disease characteristics, and examine their ...

AIM: To retrospectively analyze the results obtained from the posterior-only approach in non-pathological traumatic thoracolumbar body fractures with spinal cord compression. MATERIAL and METHODS: A total of 17 patients with traumatic non-pathological thoracolumbar fractures were included in the ...

AIM: To investigate the safety and applicability of two main methods for treating mirror intracranial aneurysms, based on correlations in their geometric characteristics. MATERIAL and METHODS: We conducted a retrospective analysis on 125 patients who underwent 138 surgical interventions for MCA a...

AIM: To demonstrate the usability of chicken chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) as an angiogenesis model for the development and treatment of malignant tumors of the central nervous system. MATERIAL and METHODS: A fresh tumor tissue piece taken from Glioblastoma patients, a malignant tumor of the cent...

AIM: To elucidate the role of microRNAs (miRNAs) in the development of cerebral aneurysms. MATERIAL and METHODS: This study compared the expression levels of miR-26a, miR-29a and miR-448-3p in 50 samples each of cerebral aneurysm tissues and normal superficial temporal artery tissues. The miRNA ex...

AIM: To analyze the success rates of repeat endoscopic third ventriculostomy (re-ETV) procedure according to ventriculostomy orifice closure types in patients who have undergone a second neuroendoscopic surgery for non-communicating hydrocephalus. MATERIAL and METHODS: The study included 74 patien...

AIM: To investigate the effects of Contractubex® (Cx) on peripheral nerve regeneration and scar formation. MATERIAL and METHODS: A surgical procedure involving sciatic nerve incision in 24 adult male Sprague?Dawley rats followed by epineural suturing was performed. In weeks 4 and 12 following surg...

AIM: To understand the changing trends in pediatric head injury in a university hospital comparing two decades. MATERIAL and METHODS: The medical records of pediatric patients hospitalized for head injuries were evaluated retrospectively between 2000 and 2020 to investigate the epidemiological dif...

AIM: To assess differences in static/dynamic balance and plantar pressure distribution (PPD) in hyperkyphotic adolescents and young adults based on sagittal spinopelvic alignment changes. MATERIAL and METHODS: Twelve hyperkyphotic patients and 12 normal subjects were included in the study group an...

AIM: To present our series of cerebellopontine angle (CPA) meningiomas, and to provide some innovative surgical steps for safe removal of these tumors. MATERIAL and METHODS: The clinical, radiological, and surgical characteristics of 32 patients with meningioma in the CPA were retrospectively ana...

AIM: To evaluate the impact of the post-master PhD degree on publication productivity in neurosurgery. MATERIAL and METHODS: An online national electronic survey was designed based on the recent literature and factors related to publication productivity. The survey was conducted to simply evaluate...

AIM: To measure the baseline spinopelvic parameters and characterize the sagittal, and coronal plane deformities in patients with idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus (iNPH). MATERIAL and METHODS: We analyzed a series of patients at one academic institution who underwent ventriculoperitoneal ...

AIM: To report our experience with the 2.5-mm Surpass EvolveTM flow diverter (FD) in the treatment of distal small cerebral artery aneurysms. MATERIAL and METHODS: This study included 41 patients with 52 aneurysms. Clinical and radiological records and procedural and follow-up outcomes were revie...

AIM: To show the oddity of primary central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL) and illustrate the histopathological and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) characteristics of this disease entity. MATERIAL and METHODS: We obtained the histopathological diagnosis through stereotactic biopsy, and all lesion...

AIM: To demonstrate that decreased platelet count in patients with craniosynostosis increases the requirement for blood replacement, thus providing guidance to clinicians by revealing the time at which the platelet count decreases. Additionally, the relationship between the amount of blood transfu...

AIM: To determine the clinically significant association between pneumatization types of the sphenoid sinus (SS) and protrusion/ dehiscence of the optic nerve (ON) and the internal carotid artery (ICA). MATERIAL and METHODS: This prospective cross-sectional study was conducted between November 202...

AIM: To evaluate the optimal timing and outcome of fluoroscopically guided transforaminal epidural steroid injections (TFESI) for the management of radicular pain due to extruded lumbar disc herniation (LDH). MATERIAL and METHODS: In this clinical study, 305 individuals received fluoroscopically g...

AIM: To determine the localization of the greater occipital nerve and the third occipital nerve according to palpable bone landmarks and their relationship with muscles in the suboccipital region and to define an effective zone for clinical approaches. MATERIAL and METHODS: This study was conducte...

AIM: To compare percutaneous endoscopic lumbar discectomy (PELD) and the microscopic tubular technique, and to evaluate the outcomes of surgery. MATERIAL and METHODS: We collected information through retrospective analysis of patients with far-lateral lumbar disc herniation (FLLDH) from June 2015...

AIM: To identify the effect of patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) with traumatic brain injury (TBI) in Taiwan. MATERIAL and METHODS: Data from the trauma registry in Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taiwan were collected and reviewed. Several clinical characteristics and outcomes were extra...

AIM: To optimize the Spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage (sICH) early hematoma expansion prediction scoring table to adopt appropriate clinical treatment plans and improve the prognosis of sICH patients. MATERIAL and METHODS: A total of 150 patients with sICH were enrolled, and 44 had early hemat...

AIM: To investigate the effect of stellate ganglion block (SGB) on nociception in Parkinson?s disease (PD) rat models, and to clarify the associated mechanism. MATERIAL and METHODS: To generate PD nociception rat model 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) injection method was used. Paw withdrawal threshold...

AIM: To explore the changes in imaging after lumbar disc nucleoplasty in rabbits. MATERIAL and METHODS: Twenty-four rabbits were randomly selected for X-ray, computerized tomography (CT), and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) at 2, 6, and 12 weeks post operation. Moreover, their L3/4, L4/5, and L5/...

AIM: To compare three different posterior mono-segmental instrumented models with a Lateral Lumbar Interbody Fusion (LLIF) cage in L4-L5 based on finite element (FE) analysis. MATERIAL and METHODS: Three different configurations of posterior instrumentation were created: 1. Bilateral posterior scr...

AIM: To report our experience with flow diverter devices in the treatment of intracranial aneurysms, and to share the efficacy and clinical results of the Derivo® flow diverter device in the endovascular treatment of cerebrovascular aneurysms. MATERIAL and METHODS: This retrospective study was con...

AIM: To present our experience of 44 consecutive carotid endarterectomy procedures in 42 patients and assess the efficacy and success of ICG-VA in the localization of the plaque sites, extent of the arteriotomy, evaluation of the flow, and presence of thrombus after closure. MATERIAL and METHODS:...

AIM: To evaluate the safety and efficacy of flow diverter stents (FDSs) for treating remnant or recurrent intracranial aneurysms that were treated surgically. MATERIAL and METHODS: The patients who were treated with FDSs due to remnant or recurrent intracranial aneurysms after microsurgery were i...

AIM: To evaluate the association between global cerebral edema (GCE) after subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) and its impact on functional outcome evaluated by the modified Rankin scale (mRS). MATERIAL and METHODS: This is a prospective cohort study with patients who were admitted to the hospital due t...

AIM: To compare the incidence of postoperative neuropsychological dysfunction in patients managed with cerebral saturation monitoring versus traditional approaches. MATERIAL and METHODS: A hundred patients undergoing elective intracranial surgery were divided into two groups to receive intraopera...

AIM: To establish a model of intracranial and spinal cord anaplastic ependymomas, and to find out their independent prognostic factors. MATERIAL and METHODS: Data from 305 patients with anaplastic ependymoma in the brain and spinal cord from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) ...

AIM: To investigate the predictors of recurrence after gross total resection (GTR) that require early adjuvant radiotherapy upfront rather than at initial recurrence of atypical meningiomas (AMs). MATERIAL and METHODS: A retrospective study of gross totally resected AMs was conducted in a tertiary...

AIM: To evaluate, and to compare the clinical outcomes of minimally invasive surgery (MIS), and open surgery for single-level lumbar fusion over a minimum of 10-year follow-up. MATERIAL and METHODS: We included 87 patients who underwent spinal fusion at the L4 ? L5 level between January 2004 and ...

AIM: To evaluate the safety and efficacy of posterior transdural discectomy for thoracic disc herniation. MATERIAL and METHODS: The medical records of seven patients who underwent posterior transdural discectomy for thoracic disc herniation were retrospectively evaluated. RESULTS: Between 2012 an...

AIM: To determine a quantitative relationship between the postoperative clivus slope (CS) and the change in the Patient-Reported Japanese Orthopaedic Association (PRO-JOA) scores following reduction surgery of the basilar invagination (BI). MATERIAL and METHODS: A single center retrospective study...

AIM: To identify predictors of basilar invagination (BI) prognosis and compare diagnostic properties between logistic modeling and machine learning methods. MATERIAL and METHODS: We conducted a single-center retrospective study. Patients at our hospital who met the inclusion and exclusion criteri...

AIM: To evaluate the effectiveness of improved motor-evoked potentials (MEPs) in treatment of degenerative disc diseases using the transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion (TLIF) technique. MATERIAL and METHODS: Data of one hundred and eleven patients who underwent TLIF were retrospectively reviewed...

AIM: To construct a prediction nomogram model for the postoperative seizure outcomes in children with focal cortical dysplasia (FCD). MATERIAL and METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed the clinical data of 97 children with epilepsy secondary to FCD who had undergone resection surgery at Children?s...

AIM: To investigate the efficacy of Gamma Knife radiosurgery (GKRS) in patients with Burchiel type 1 and 2 trigeminal neuralgia (TN). MATERIAL and METHODS: A retrospective analysis of prospectively collected data of 163 patients who underwent GKRS between December 2006 and December 2021 was perfor...

AIM: To introduce a novel, low-cost technique for cranioplasty using a single standard polyvinyl chloride plastic skull model as a guide for cranioplasty flap development; to observe and to compare the functional and cosmetic outcomes. MATERIAL and METHODS: We conducted an observational, retrospec...

AIM: To determine the feasibility and efficacy of aura intervention in preventing the recurrence of temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) by observing the changes in the seizure frequency and quality of life (QOL) scale score. MATERIAL and METHODS: A total of 160 patients will be selected from a pre-establ...

AIM: To evaluate the relationship between Golgi phosphoprotein 3 (GOLPH3) and vasculogenic mimicry (VM) in glioblastoma cells. MATERIAL and METHODS: Glioma tissues from 40 glioma patients with different pathological grades were collected. GOLPH3 and VM were evaluated by immunostaining in glioma ti...

AIM: To compare, and to analyze the effects of fronto-orbital band anterior displacement in the operation of premature closure of coronal suture in infants. MATERIAL and METHODS: A total of 31 infants with premature closure of coronal suture were randomly divided into two groups; experimental gro...

AIM: To measure the expression of translocator protein (TSPO) in brain tissue following traumatic brain injury (TBI), and to determine whether TSPO can predict patient outcomes. MATERIAL and METHODS: TBI patients requiring removal of intracranial hematoma were recruited from Wujin Hospital Affilia...

AIM: To compare the outcomes of distal anterior cerebral artery (DACA) aneurysm treatment using endovascular therapy (EVT) and surgical clipping, and to assess their risk factors. MATERIAL and METHODS: We retrospectively sampled and analyzed 31 patients treated for ruptured Distal anterior cerebra...

AIM: To investigate the antiproliferative and apoptotic effects of S-allyl cysteine (SAC) on C6 glioblastoma cells using two- and three-dimensional (2D and 3D) cell culture systems. MATERIAL and METHODS: Three groups of rat glioma cell line C6 were prepared: 2D-Control, 2D-SAC, 3D-CMC-Control, and...

AIM: To understand the characterization of the ossification process both in the synostotic suture, and the adjacent parietal bone. MATERIAL and METHODS: The surgical procedure for the 28 patients diagnosed with sagittal synostosis consisted of removing the synostotic bone as a whole, if possible, ...

AIM: To explore the potential activity of HOXA cluster antisense RNA 2 (HOXA-AS2), a long non-coding RNA (lncRNA), in epilepsy progression, as well as the mechanisms behind its activity. MATERIAL and METHODS: Kainic acid (KA) was used to treat rat astroglial CTX-TNA2 cells to establish a cellular ...

AIM: To examine the morphometric properties of the vessels forming the Willis polygon (WP) in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and hypertension (HT) and compare them with healthy individuals. MATERIAL and METHODS: Cranial Tomography Angiography (CTA) of 168 individuals were analyzed r...

AIM: To compare tissue levels of the regulatory enzymes related to the Krebs cycle between low, and high-grade supratentorial gliomas. MATERIAL and METHODS: Forty patients who underwent surgery for supratentorial gliomas (19 with low-grade and 21 with high-grade gliomas) were evaluated. The regul...

AIM: To elucidate the role of the TIR-domain-containing adaptor-inducing interferon-? (TRIF) dependent pathway in intervertebral disc degeneration (IVD). MATERIAL and METHODS: A total of adult male patients with low back pain (LBP) (+/- radicular pain) were further evaluated by magnetic resonance...

AIM: To demonstrated demyelination and remyelination of the optic nerve histologically by electron microscopy in an experimental model similar to the compression of pituitary adenomas on the optic chiasm. MATERIAL and METHODS: The rats were fixed to a stereotaxic device under deep anesthesia, and ...

AIM: To describe the role of metastasis-associated lung adenocarcinoma transcript 1 (MALAT1) in glioblastoma (GB) progression in patients concurrently diagnosed with diabetes mellitus (DM). MATERIAL and METHODS: Formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tumor samples of 47 patients diagnosed with GB...

AIM: To present the properities of intraoperative sodium fluorescein video angiography (NaF-V) use in intracranial aneurysm surgery and to discuss the limitations of repeated NaF-V administration. MATERIAL and METHODS: The clinical findings and imaging results during and after surgery for patients...

AIM: To show the normal anatomy of the cerebral aqueduct, and the feasibility of the extreme anterior interhemispheric transcallosal approach to remove tumors within the aqueduct. MATERIAL and METHODS: This human cadaveric brain research was composed of ten formalin-fixed human brains and one inj...

AIM: To define whether characteristics of fluorescein staining help to distinguish low grade gliomas intraoperatively. MATERIAL and METHODS: We studied 46 patients with supratentorial newly diagnosed noncontrast-enhancing LGGs removed by fluorescence guidance under the YELLOW 560 nm filter. Patien...

AIM: To evaluate paraoxonase (PON), total antioxidant status (TAS), total oxidant status (TOS), high-density lipoproteins (HDL), CRP, AST, ALT, GGT, ALP levels in patients with head and multiple organ traumas. MATERIAL and METHODS: The study included 29 male patients undergoing treatment for head ...

AIM: To observe the exposure range of a neuroendoscope through the glabellar approach and measure the anatomical parameters to provide a basis for clinical application. MATERIAL and METHODS: A total of 10 adult cadaveric heads fixed with formalin were dissected by stratified local anatomy and sim...

AIM: To assess the outcomes of glioblastoma patients treated in our clinic over the last 10 years using a multimodality approach and cutting-edge techniques. MATERIAL and METHODS: In our study, we included 169 glioblastoma patients who were admitted to our clinic between 2009 and 2019 and receive...

AIM: To report a series of patients diagnosed with gangliogliomas (GG) in unusual locations; and to review the clinical and imaging features as well as surgical treatment and outcomes. MATERIAL and METHODS: A series of consecutive patients who underwent surgery for GGs at unusual locations, such a...

AIM: To evaluate the efficacy of percutaneous pain interventions in patients who previously underwent lumbar disc herniation surgery. MATERIAL and METHODS: We retrospectively analyzed 48 patients with persistent / recurring complaints who underwent lumbar disc surgery (LDS) and were treated with ...

AIM: To comprehensively analyze clinical presentation, diagnosis, and management approaches of brain tumors in infants under one year of age. MATERIAL and METHODS: We conducted a retrospective analysis of clinical data retrieved from medical records of infants who underwent surgical treatment for...

AIM: To understand the arachnoid microstructure during infrafloccular approach for facial nerve microvascular decompression (MVD). MATERIAL and METHODS: This study recruited 55 patients with hemifacial spasm who underwent MVD. Retrospective analyses of the MVD surgical videos were performed to re...

AIM: To investigate the safety and efficacy of endoport-assisted endoscopic techniques for removing intraventricular lesions. MATERIAL and METHODS: Data of patients with intraventricular lesions who were surgically treated by endoport-assisted endoscopic resection between January 2018 and February...

AIM: To construct a reliable prediction model for pediatric atypical teratoid/rhabdoid tumor (ATRT) patients. MATERIAL and METHODS: Population-based data of patients diagnosed with intracranial ATRT were extracted from the National Cancer Institute?s Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results dat...

AIM: To explore the effect of pathogenesis-based individualised thrombectomy on the clinical results and prognoses of acute intracranial large-artery occlusion. MATERIAL and METHODS: A total of 151 patients were included in this prospective study and divided into the control group (stent thrombec...

AIM: To examine the role and mechanism of colorectal tumor differential expression (CRNDE) in brain injury induced by ischemicreperfusion. MATERIAL and METHODS: Sh-SY5Y cells were cultured, and oxygen and glucose deprivation/reperfusion (OGD/R) injury tests were performed. The effects on SH-SY5Y c...

AIM: To conduct a meta-analysis for investigating the safety and efficacy of endoscopic third ventriculostomy (ETV) and extracranial shunting for patients with obstructive hydrocephalus. MATERIAL and METHODS: Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of ETV and ventriculoperitoneal shunting (VPS) for ob...