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Surgical Centre for Movement Disorders, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada Surgical treatment of movement disorders, and especially Parkinson's disease, is regaining momentum. Despite all efforts, a significant number of patients who suffer from various types of movement disorders are becoming surgical candidates. Recent advances in medical technology have enabled more precise targeting of deep brain stmctures, as well as reversible modulation of the neural outputs. Utilization of these technologies in common practice may well expand our options for treating complex movement disorders. Deep brain stimulation is one of these promising advances in stereotactic surgery for movement disorders. This review begins with a historical perspective, and then presents the latest knowledge in this field. The intent was to inform health care providers in neurological sciences about the implications, application, and scope of this technology. Keywords : Deep brain stimulation, movement disorders, Parkinson's disease, stereotaxis, surgery