E-ISSN: 1019-5157 ISSN: 2651-5024
Case Report

Malignant Melanoma and Intratumoral Hemorrhage in a Patient with LEOPARD Syndrome: A Rare Case Report

Sevim Şenol Karataş , Selman Kök , Sait Fatih Öner , Oğuz Kağan Bulut
DOI: 10.5137/1019-5149.JTN.50127-25.2 Article in Press

Abstract

Background
LEOPARD syndrome is a rare autosomal dominant disorder characterized by multiple lentigines, hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, conduction abnormalities, and variable systemic features. Malignancies are uncommon but have been reported in affected patients. Intracerebral hemorrhage due to metastatic melanoma has not been previously described in the literature.

Case History
We describe a 47-year-old woman with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy and widespread lentigines, later diagnosed with LEOPARD syndrome. She subsequently developed vulvar malignant melanoma treated with vulvectomy and immunotherapy. Two years later, she was admitted with right hemiplegia and generalized seizures. Imaging revealed an intraparenchymal hemorrhage within a metastatic melanoma lesion in the posterior left parietal lobe. The patient declined surgical intervention and was managed conservatively with anticonvulsant and anti-edema therapy, achieving temporary clinical stabilization.

Conclusion
This case highlights the potential for rare but severe neurological complications in patients with LEOPARD syndrome who develop malignancy. It represents, to our knowledge, the first reported case of intracerebral hemorrhage secondary to metastatic melanoma in this population. Vigilant, multidisciplinary follow-up is essential to detect and manage such life-threatening events.

Keywords

LEOPARD syndrome hypertrophic cardiomyopathy intracranial hemorrhage malignant melanoma