Turkish Neurosurgery 2019 , Vol 29 , Num 1
The Effects of Minocycline on the Hippocampus in Lithium- Pilocarpine Induced Status Epilepticus in Rat: Relations with Microglial/Astrocytic Activation and Serum S100B Level
Erkut Baha BULDUK1,Gokhan KURT1,Sureyya BARUN2,Onder AYDEMIR3,Murat KIZILTAS2,Murat OKTEM4,Turan TURHAN5,Pergin ATILLA6,Sevda MUFTUOGLU6
1Gazi University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Neurosurgery, Ankara, Turkey
2Gazi University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pharmacology, Ankara, Turkey
3Gazi University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health, Ankara, Turkey
4Duzen Laboratories Group, Department of Biochemistry, Ankara, Turkey
5Ankara Numune Education and Research Hospital, Department of Biochemistry, Ankara, Turkey
6Hacettepe University Medical School, Department of Histology, Ankara, Turkey
DOI : 10.5137/1019-5149.JTN.22744-18.1 AIM: To investigate possible correlations between serum S100B levels and microglial/astrocytic activation in status epilepticus (SE) in lithium-pilocarpine-exposed rat hippocampi and whether serum S100B levels linearly reflect neuroinflammation. Additionally, to assess the effects of minocycline (M), an inhibitor of neuroinflammation.

MATERIAL and METHODS: Rats were divided into 4 groups (6/group), namely, control (C), sham, SE, and SE+M. Animals were exposed to lithium-pilocarpine to induce SE in the SE and SE+M groups. Cardiac blood was collected to measure S100B levels, and coronal brain sections including the hippocampus were prepared to examine microglial/astrocytic activation and to evaluate neuroinflammation at day 7 of SE.

RESULTS: Serum S100B levels, OX42 (+) microglia in CA1, and GFAP (+) astrocytes in both CA1 and dentate gyrus (DG) were higher in the SE+M group than in the C group. Most importantly, highly positive correlations were found between S100B levels and microglial activation in CA1, apart from astrocytic activation in CA1 and DG. Unexpectedly, microglial activation in CA1 and astrocytic activation in DG were also enhanced in the SE+M group compared with the C group. Moreover, M administration reversed the neuronal loss observed in DG during SE.

CONCLUSION: These results suggest that serum S100B is a candidate biomarker for monitoring neuroinflammation and that it may also help predict diagnosis and prognosis. Keywords : S100B, Astrocyte, Microglia, Minocycline, Seizure

Corresponding author : Sureyya BARUN, barun@gazi.edu.tr