MATERIAL and METHODS: We retrospectively evaluated 41 patients who were diagnosed as anaplastic oligodendroglioma. Thirty-five patients received standard radiotherapy. Twenty-six patients received standard temozolomide chemoterapy concurrent to radiotherapy.

RESULTS: Chromosome 1p/19q codeletion was observed in 19 of 41 patients (46%) via Fluorescent In Situ Hybridisation (FISH) technique. Twenty-six patients (63%) showed positive immunoreaction with anti-IDH1 antibody. Six patients (15%) showed positive immunoreaction with anti-p53 antibody. A statistically significant correlation was determined between chromosome 1p/19q codeletion and IDH1 mutation (p<0.0001). The patients who had tumors with chromosome 1p/19q codeletion and p53 overexpression were mutually exclusive. The mean estimated Progression Free Survival (PFS) of the patients who had tumors with chromosome 1p/19q codeletion and/or IDH1 mutation was determined to be significantly longer than that of the patients without these genetic changes, regardless of the treatment modality (p=0.006, p=0.004). PFS of the patients who received adjuvant chemotherapy and whose tumors had chromosome 1p/19q codeletion or IDH1 mutation was significantly longer than that of the patients without these genetic changes (p=0.001, p<0.0001).

CONCLUSION: Chromosome 1p/19q codeletion and/or IDH1 mutation are favorable prognostic factors in anaplastic oligodendroglioma patients, in terms of PFS. Keywords : Anaplastic oligodendroglioma, 1p/19q codeletion, IDH1 mutation, Temozolomide, Prognosis